Even while listening, the brain attempts to anticipate the next words. This is the conclusion reached by a current study conducted by an interdisciplinary team of researchers led by PD Dr. Patrick Krauss, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), and PD Dr. Achim Schilling, Heidelberg University. The researchers combined three methods: a natural listening situation, high resolution measurements of brain activity, and an AI language model as reference.
The higher the probability of a certain word occurring in the relevant context, the weaker the neural reaction during processing. At the same time, the data indicate a rise in pre-onset activity before the word begins, suggesting the brain works with predictions. The work is published in the journal NeuroImage.
Are humans born with innate grammatical scaffolding, or does language develop on the basis of use and experience? This is a question that is still debated by the various linguistic schools of thought. Recently, powerful AI language models (Large Language Models, LLMs), which process language by predicting subsequent words, have fueled this debate.
