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Mathematical proof unites two puzzling phenomena in spin glass physics

A fundamental link between two counterintuitive phenomena in spin glasses—reentrance and temperature chaos—has been mathematically proven for the first time. By extending the Edwards–Anderson model to include correlated disorder, researchers at Science Tokyo and Tohoku University provided the first rigorous proof that reentrance implies temperature chaos.

Spin glasses are in which atomic “spins,” or tiny magnetic moments, point in random directions rather than aligning neatly as in a regular magnet. These disordered spins can remain stable for extremely long periods of time, possibly even indefinitely. This frozen randomness gives rise to unusual physical properties not seen in any other physical system.

To describe the spin glass behavior, physicists use models such as the Edwards–Anderson (EA) model, which simulates how spins interact in two or three dimensions—conditions that more closely reflect real-world systems than the well-studied mean-field model. Numerical studies of the EA model have uncovered two strange and counterintuitive phenomena: reentrant transitions and temperature .

Scientists Find “Time Travel” Trick to Unlock Lost Childhood Memories

Research shows that adopting a childlike facial expression can make adults feel more connected to their childhood experiences. New research suggests that temporarily changing how people perceive their own bodies can help them recall personal memories, potentially even those from their earliest ye

Scientists Discover a Key Biological Difference Between Psychopaths and Normal People

Psychopaths have a 10% larger striatum than non-psychopaths, suggesting biological differences in brain structure. This enlargement is tied to impulsivity and a higher craving for stimulation.

The discovery, seen in both men and women, points to psychopathy’s roots in neurodevelopment. It could lead to better understanding and interventions for antisocial behavior.

Brain scans reveal key difference in psychopaths.

Qilin Ransomware Combines Linux Payload With BYOVD Exploit in Hybrid Attack

To sidestep detection, the attack chain involves the execution of PowerShell commands to disable AMSI, turn off TLS certificate validation, and enable Restricted Admin, in addition to running tools such as dark-kill and HRSword to terminate security software. Also deployed on the host are Cobalt Strike and SystemBC for persistent remote access.

The infection culminates with the launch of the Qilin ransomware, which encrypts files and drops a ransom note in each encrypted folder, but not before wiping event logs and deleting all shadow copies maintained by the Windows Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS).

The findings coincide with the discovery of a sophisticated Qilin attack that deployed their Linux ransomware variant on Windows systems and combined it with legitimate IT tools and the bring your own vulnerable driver (BYOVD) technique to bypass security barriers.

Why does ALS take away body movement? The hidden burden that seals the fate of motor neurons

ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is among the most challenging neurological disorders: relentlessly progressive, universally fatal, and without a cure even after more than a century and a half of research. Despite many advances, a key unanswered question remains—why do motor neurons, the cells that control body movement, degenerate while others are spared?

In a study appearing in Nature Communications, Kazuhide Asakawa and colleagues used single-cell–resolution imaging in transparent zebrafish to show that large spinal —which generate strong body movements and are most vulnerable in ALS—operate under a constant, intrinsic burden of protein and organelle degradation.

These neurons maintain high baseline levels of autophagy, proteasome activity, and the , suggesting a continuous struggle to maintain protein quality control.

A ‘bird’s eye view’ of how human brains operate

A new study provides the best evidence to date that the connection patterns between various parts of the human brain can tell scientists the specialized functions of each region.

Previous research has shown the relationship between connectivity and brain function for just one or a few functions, such as perception or social interactions.

But this study goes further by providing a “bird’s eye view” of the whole brain and its many functions, said Kelly Hiersche, lead author of the study and doctoral student in psychology at The Ohio State University.

In-utero exposure to maternal diabetes and DNA methylation alterations in the Next Generation birth cohort

The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in youth is increasing and in-utero exposure to maternal diabetes is a known risk factor, with higher risk associated with pregestational T2D exposure compared to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exposure. We hypothesize this differential risk is reflected in DNA methylation (DNAm) changes induced by differential timing of in-utero exposure to maternal diabetes, and that exposure to diabetes throughout pregnancy (T2D) compared to exposure later in development (GDM), induces different DNAm signatures and different T2D risk to offspring. This study presents an epigenome-wide investigation of DNAm alterations associated with in-utero exposure to either maternal pregestational T2D or GDM, to determine if the timing of prenatal diabetes exposure differentially alters DNAm.

We performed an epigenome-wide analysis on cord blood from 99 newborns exposed to pregestational T2D, 70 newborns exposed to GDM, and 41 unexposed to diabetes in-utero from the Next Generation birth cohort. Associations were tested using multiple linear regression models while adjusting for sex, maternal age, BMI, smoking status, gestational age, cord blood cell type proportions and batch effects.

We identified 27 differentially methylated sites associated with exposure to GDM, 27 sites associated with exposure to T2D, and 9 common sites associated with exposure to either GDM or T2D (adjusted p value 0.01). One site at CLDN15 and two unannotated sites were previously reported as associated with obesity. We also identified 87 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with in-utero exposure to GDM and 69 DMRs associated with in-utero exposure to T2D. We identified 23 DMR sites that were previously associated with obesity, three with T2D and five with in-utero exposure to GDM. Furthermore, we identified six CpG sites in the PTPRN2 gene, a gene previously associated with DNAm differences in blood of youth with T2D from the same population.

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