CGAS forms condensates on cytosolic double-stranded (ds)DNA and initiates inflammatory responses. Lueck et al. find that, although cGAS forms condensates on various nucleic acids, it enters a hydrogel-like state only with dsDNA via dimerization. The gel-like cGAS condensate not only protects bound dsDNA from exonucleases but also facilitates catalysis.
Weight loss is a well-recognized but poorly understood non-motor feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Many patients progressively lose weight as the disease advances, often alongside worsening motor symptoms and quality of life. Until now, it was unclear whether this reflected muscle loss, poor nutrition, or deeper metabolic changes. New research shows that PD-related weight loss is driven mainly by a selective loss of body fat, while muscle mass is largely preserved, and is accompanied by a fundamental shift in how the body produces energy.
Although PD is classically viewed as a neurological disorder, increasing evidence points to widespread metabolic dysfunction. Patients often experience fatigue and nutritional decline, yet dietary advice has largely focused on boosting calories. The new findings challenge this conventional view, showing that weight loss in PD reflects a failure of the body’s standard energy-producing pathways rather than reduced food intake alone. The findings are published in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry.
The study was led by Professor Hirohisa Watanabe from the Department of Neurology at Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Japan, along with Dr. Atsuhiro Higashi and Dr. Yasuaki Mizutani from Fujita Health University. The team aimed to clarify what exactly is lost when patients with PD lose weight and why the body is forced to change its energy strategy.
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I thought it was about time that we got excited by some clever use of science in fiction. We may not be able to build a Rocinante tomorrow but all the elements are based on real science that we have been able to demonstrate.
No breaking the laws of physics here!! A fairly unique thing for this channel.
Keep an eye out for the shorts series which will go into a bit more detail on some of these topics. And if you want to know more about fission based propulsion then join the nerd club through YouTube memberships or on Patreon.
Thanks for watching, stay nerdy!
Chapters:
00:00 — The best science in fiction.
04:20 — Solomons test flight.
06:42 — It is rocket science!
10:26 — Nuclear reactions.
16:47 — Fusion.
21:00 — The challenges.
25:47 — Is anyone building it?
Researchers at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) have developed an artificial intelligence approach that addresses a key bottleneck in analog semiconductor layout design, a process that has traditionally depended heavily on engineers’ experience. The work was recently published in the journal IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.
Semiconductors are used in a wide range of technologies, including smartphones, vehicles, and AI servers. However, analog layout design remains difficult to automate because designers must manually arrange structures that determine performance and reliability while meeting a large number of design rules.
Automation has been especially challenging in analog design because layouts are too complex and design strategies differ significantly by circuit. In addition, training data is scarce, since layout data is typically treated as proprietary and is rarely shared outside companies.
Aliens will make use of paraconsistent logic.
Is math truly universal—or just human? Explore how alien minds might think, count, and reason in ways we don’t recognize as mathematics at all.
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Antibodies modulate ongoing and future B cell responses. Cyster and Wilson review the various mechanisms whereby antibody feedback shapes B cell responses and present a framework for conceptualizing the ways antigen-specific antibody may influence immunity in conditions as diverse as infectious disease, autoimmunity, and cancer.
3D bioprinting, in which living tissues are printed with cells mixed into soft hydrogels, or “bio-inks,” is widely used in the field of bioengineering for modeling or replacing the tissues in our bodies. The print quality and reproducibility of tissues, however, can face challenges. One of the most significant challenges is created simply by gravity—cells naturally sink to the bottom of the bioink-extruding printer syringe because the cells are heavier than the hydrogel around them.
“This cell settling, which becomes worse during the long print sessions required to print large tissues, leads to clogged nozzles, uneven cell distribution, and inconsistencies between printed tissues,” explains Ritu Raman, the Eugene Bell Career Development Professor of Tissue Engineering and assistant professor of mechanical engineering at MIT.
“Existing solutions, such as manually stirring bioinks before loading them into the printer, or using passive mixers, cannot maintain uniformity once printing begins.”
From JAMA: The US Food and Drug Administration recently cleared the Apple Watch hypertension notification feature.
Researchers applied performance metrics reported by Apple to nationally representative survey data and found that, overall, 69% of individuals who receive a smartwatch alert would have hypertension, while 79% of those who do not receive an alert would not have hypertension. However, these rates vary according to subgroup characteristics, such as age and sex.
Current guidelines recommend cuff-based blood pressure measurement as the standard for diagnosing hypertension. Incorporating cuffless device technologies into public health screening efforts will require additional validation and careful attention to device accuracy to reduce misclassification and the risk of false reassurance.
This cross-sectional study assesses the potential impact of a smartwatch hypertension notification feature for US adults who have not been diagnosed with hypertension.
CRISPR-based genome editing therapeutics are entering the clinic, but in vitro and in vivo tools are needed to assess their safety and efficacy. The authors review complementary technologies to monitor the biological effects of genome editing across scales, including the direct measurement of editing outcomes in DNA, human microphysiological systems and non-invasive in vivo imaging.
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