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Category: engineering

Barry Ptolemy on “Transcendent Man”

In August 2010, I got on the phone with a filmmaker who had spent three years following Ray Kurzweil around the world with a camera.

Barry Ptolemy was twelve years old when he stood on the set of E.T. next to Spielberg. Decades later, he read The Singularity is Near and decided his first feature film would not be fiction.

Transcendent Man had not opened in theaters yet when we spoke. Back then the claims in it sounded like a pitch meeting nobody would greenlight: intelligence that stops being biological, no clean line left between human and machine, aging reversed, world hunger solved, death itself treated as an engineering problem.

Read that list again in 2026 and tell me which line you want to laugh at.

Some of it looks naive now. Some of it looks early. What stayed with me is what Barry said about the man behind the predictions, because the film is not really a documentary about #ArtificialIntelligence. It is a documentary about a son and his father, and about what grief will build if you give it enough compute.

I asked him whether he believed Ray. Sixteen years on, his answer is still the part I turn over in my head when people tell me the #Singularity is finally here.

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Researchers Simulate Alzheimer’s Progression Across the Entire Brain

This hypothesis has led to a new “whole-brain” mathematical and computational model developed at the MOX Laboratory of the Department of Mathematics of Politecnico di Milano. The model is designed to describe in an integrated way the interaction between the spread of amyloid beta and the functioning of the cerebral vascular network. The aim is to provide a tool capable of simulating, on the scale of the whole organ, how small biological or vascular alterations can evolve over time and contribute to neurodegeneration. The model and the accompanying scientific study have been published in the prestigious scientific journal Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering.

The model integrates two scales of analysis. On the one hand, it describes the dynamics of the production, transformation, diffusion and elimination of the healthy and pathological forms of amyloid beta. On the other, it describes blood flow through a “macroscopic” description of arteries, capillaries and veins, treating brain tissue as a porous medium perfused by blood vessels, through a macroscopic compartmental model. The two components are then connected to represent the possible mechanism of mutual reinforcement between protein accumulation and vascular dysfunction.

The simulations show a particularly relevant result: the brain can evolve into different states depending on the initial conditions. Small localised amounts of amyloid beta can be eliminated, allowing the system to return to a healthy state. Conversely, larger amounts can trigger a self-sustained spread of the pathology at brain scale.

Neutrons reveal how friction stir welding could strengthen steel armor

Using neutrons at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, researchers from The Ohio State University are studying residual stress caused by friction stir welding (FSW) to reveal how to strengthen armor steel welds, like those used in military vehicles. Their findings were published in the Journal of Materials Processing Technology.

“We are trying to develop a new way to join armor steel that produces joints with better ballistic and blast performance,” said Antonio Ramirez, a professor of materials science and engineering at OSU. “In the end, we want to be able to make structures that perform better.”

The team’s results will help fine-tune welding parameters to create a roadmap for engineering better armor systems.

Bioceramic-coated implant improves osteoporotic fracture healing through timed magnesium release

Seoul National University (SNU) College of Engineering announced that a research team led by Nathaniel S. Hwang, a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, has developed a bioceramic fracture fixation material that promotes bone regeneration by precisely controlling the timing of magnesium ion (Mg²⁺) release to suppress inflammatory immune responses during osteoporotic fracture healing.

The research team discovered that magnesium ions do not always promote bone regeneration; rather, their effects on immune responses and bone healing vary depending on the timing and duration of release. Based on this finding, the team proposed a fracture fixation material that releases magnesium ions according to the stages of healing and demonstrated its bone regeneration efficacy through animal experiments.

Furthermore, the study suggests the possibility of advancing fracture treatment materials beyond simple mechanical fixation devices into therapeutic technologies that actively regulate immune responses according to healing stages. The newly developed material is expected to be applied to next-generation orthopedic medical devices and personalized bone regeneration therapies for patients with osteoporotic fractures.

Air Launch, Hypersonics & Responsive Space: Inside Starfighters Space | Tim Franta

Tim Franta, CEO, Starfighters Space

For decades, getting to space has largely meant one thing: launching vertically atop massive rockets from fixed launch pads. But what if the future of space access also includes aircraft capable of flying at more than twice the speed of sound, launching payloads from the edge of the atmosphere, and providing researchers with affordable access to hypersonic flight and microgravity?

Joining us today is Tim Franta, Chief Executive Officer of Starfighters Space (https://starfightersspace.com/), an aerospace company operating the world’s only commercial fleet of flight-ready Mach 2+ F-104 Starfighters. Based at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center, the company is building capabilities that span hypersonic flight testing, airborne research, astronaut and pilot training, and an ambitious air-launch platform known as STARLAUNCH, designed to provide more flexible and responsive access to space.

Tim brings an unusual blend of aerospace leadership, public policy, infrastructure development, and strategic finance. Before leading Starfighters Space, he helped shape Florida’s modern space ecosystem through leadership roles with Energy Florida and the Florida Space Authority, where he worked on launch infrastructure, legislation, and hundreds of millions of dollars in space-related investment.

Today we’ll discuss why aircraft may become an increasingly important part of the space economy, how commercial innovation is changing access to orbit, the growing importance of hypersonic technologies, and what the next decade of aerospace infrastructure might look like.

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Helical nanoparticles trigger cancer alarms and deliver gene therapy

Cancer cells survive by hiding from the immune system’s surveillance. A KAIST research team has developed a new anticancer platform that makes cancer cells send out their own danger signals—prompting immune cells to attack—while simultaneously delivering gene therapy. The approach is expected to offer a new treatment strategy that combines cancer immunotherapy and gene therapy in a single nanoparticle.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a process in which dying cancer cells send danger signals to nearby immune cells, prompting them to attack. A polypeptide is a polymer made of a long chain of amino acids.

A team led by Professor Yeu-Chun Kim from the KAIST Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering developed a “helical polypeptide nanoparticle” platform that induces severe stress inside cancer cells to trigger immunogenic cell death while also delivering a range of gene therapeutics into the cells. The findings are published in the journal Biomaterials.

Single patch merges multiple physiological signals for simpler health monitoring

Wearable health monitors have grown increasingly capable, but most are still limited by the fact that tracking different types of body signals requires separate sensors, each with its own circuitry and patch of skin. That leads to bulkier devices, higher power consumption and greater discomfort for anyone who needs round-the-clock monitoring.

A research team led by Assistant Professor Liu Yuxin from the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS CDE), has developed a cross-modal skin sensor that overcomes this constraint.

Named X-Sig, the device fuses the body’s electrical impulses, such as heart rhythms and muscle signals, with its mechanical signals, such as pulse pressure waves and the forces generated by muscle contractions, into a single composite waveform transmitted through one channel.

Plant polymer lignin shows promise for future bone regeneration

A new study reveals that lignin — a natural plant polymer — can be transformed into a bioactive material that promotes the formation of bone-like minerals while supporting the growth of bone-forming cells. Inspired by the natural partnership between lignin and silica in plants, the research offers a promising step toward sustainable, plant-based materials for future bone regeneration therapies.

A naturally abundant plant material best known for giving trees and crops their strength may one day help repair broken bones, according to a new study led by postdoctoral researcher Dr. Srinath Palakurthy and Prof. Rivka Elbaum of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The research demonstrates that lignin — a major structural component of plants — can be engineered into a bioactive material that encourages the formation of hydroxyapatite, the mineral that gives human bones and teeth their strength.

Published in ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, the study offers a promising step toward more sustainable, plant-based alternatives to current bone graft materials, many of which are derived from animals or synthetic sources. Such materials are increasingly sought after as researchers work to develop safer, more environmentally friendly solutions for repairing damaged bone.

Physicists capture first direct evidence of a Floquet topological state

A new study published in Nature Physics reports the first direct experimental evidence of a Floquet topological state, a novel light-induced phase of matter that, until now, has existed only on paper and in simulations. Topological insulators can conduct electricity along their surface while remaining insulating throughout their bulk. Physicists have spent years developing Floquet engineering, a technique that uses intense, rapidly oscillating light fields to temporarily reshape a material’s electronic structure.

Combining the two ideas seemed like a natural next step: use light to coax an otherwise ordinary material into behaving like a topological insulator on demand. A scheme for realizing such a “Floquet topological insulator” in a semiconductor was proposed in 2011, but pinning down the effect experimentally proved elusive. The predicted state would be short-lived, easy to mistake for other light-matter effects and difficult to disentangle from a material’s ordinary electronic behavior.

Now, researchers have closed that gap using tin telluride (SnTe), a semiconductor that sits close to a topological phase transition. Using femtosecond laser pulses, the team captured direct evidence of the transition.

Membrane nanostructures reshape in water, revealing route to better ion transport

Next-generation energy devices like fuel cells and water electrolyzers depend on ion-exchange membranes that allow only water and certain ions to pass through.

The design of these membranes affects how efficient these devices can be. Understanding how the materials used in them influence their performance is key to advancing these technologies.

At the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (UChicago PME), researchers collaborated with scientists at New York University to study the backbone chemistry of different types of ion-exchange membranes to better understand how their chemical makeup governs their structure and performance.

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