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Prickly pear cacti show promise as the building materials of tomorrow

Researchers from the University of Bath’s Department of Mechanical Engineering have shown that agricultural waste from prickly pear cactus plants could be used as a low-cost, low-carbon reinforcement for construction materials, offering a more sustainable alternative to conventional composites. The research is published in the Journal of Natural Fibers.

Composite materials combine strong reinforcing fibers with a lightweight base material, known as a matrix. Widely used composites like carbon fiber, fiberglass or Kevlar rely on synthetic fibers and energy-intensive manufacturing processes. Their durability also makes them difficult to reuse or recycle at the end of their lifespan. Swapping synthetic fibers with natural alternatives offers a renewable and biodegradable solution.

Matt Hutchins, a researcher in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and lead author of the study, said, “Inside the flat cactus pads is a naturally occurring fiber network. These fibers form a honeycomb-like structure that helps the plant support its own weight and resists bending in strong winds. We’re exploring how to extract these structures and keep them intact, borrowing their natural properties to reinforce bio-based composites.”

How the brain switches between older and newer memories

As humans and other animals experience new things, their brains continuously update their memory of past events. These updates allow them to adapt to changing environments, all while preserving older memories that could still help them to make decisions in some situations.

Many past neuroscience studies have investigated the neural circuits involved in the encoding and retrieval of memories. However, the mechanisms via which it decides whether to retrieve older or newly updated memories remain poorly understood.

Researchers at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) recently carried out a study involving mice that was aimed at better understanding how the brain switches between older and newer memories.

Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller Auth Bypass Actively Exploited to Gain Admin Access

According to Rapid7, which discovered CVE-2026–20182, the shortcoming has its echoes in CVE-2026–20127 (CVSS score: 10.0), another critical authentication bypass impacting the same component. The latter is said to have been exploited by a threat actor called UAT-8616 since at least 2023.

“This new authentication bypass vulnerability affects the ‘vdaemon’ service over DTLS (UDP port 12346), which is the same service that was vulnerable to CVE-2026–20127,” Rapid7 researchers Jonah Burgess and Stephen Fewer said. “The new vulnerability is not a patch bypass of CVE-2026–20127. It is a different issue located in a similar part of the ‘vdaemon’ networking stack.”

That said, the end result is the same: a remote unauthenticated attacker can abuse CVE-2026–20182 to become an authenticated peer of the target appliance and carry out privileged operations.

New Fragnesia Linux flaw lets attackers gain root privileges

Linux distros are rolling out patches for a new high-severity kernel privilege escalation vulnerability that allows attackers to run malicious code as root.

Known as Fragnasia and tracked as CVE-2026–46300, this security flaw stems from a logic bug in the Linux XFRM ESP-in-TCP subsystem that can enable unprivileged local attackers to gain root privileges by writing arbitrary bytes to the kernel page cache of read-only files.

Zellic’s head of assurance, William Bowling, who discovered this new universal local privilege escalation flaw, also shared a proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit that achieves a memory-write primitive in the kernel that is used to corrupt the page cache memory of the /usr/bin/su binary to get a shell with root privileges on vulnerable systems.

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