Herrera et al. show that in larval zebrafish, heart rate and engagement in the optomotor response are inversely related following threat. This synchronization emerges via parallel central mechanisms. Directly optopacing the heart also reduces visuomotor engagement but through alternative mechanisms related to reducing blood flow.
Despite advances in the field of organ transplantation, long-term organ rejection that can become apparent a decade or more after a heart or lung transplant remains a common problem for patients. This chronic organ failure has long been attributed exclusively to the recipient’s immune system attacking the foreign organ over time.
Now, a study led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis shows that chronic organ rejection may instead be triggered by the disruption of lymphatic vessels—an important drainage system throughout the body—from the donor organ rather than an attack by the patient’s immune system.
The study is published in Science Translational Medicine. It includes analyses of transplanted human organs with chronic rejection and mouse models of lung and heart transplantation.
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Neura Pod is a series covering topics related to Neuralink, Inc. Topics such as brain-machine interfaces, brain injuries, and artificial intelligence will be explored. Host Ryan Tanaka synthesizes information, shares the latest updates, and conducts interviews to easily learn about Neuralink and its future.
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Many therapeutic molecules used in cancer treatments are highly toxic, often harming healthy tissues and causing significant side effects. This creates a critical need for strategies that localize their toxic activity to tumors. What if cancer drugs could stay dormant until they reach cancer cells? A new study by Syracuse University researchers demonstrates a promising chemistry-based strategy that could do just that.
Xiaoran Hu, assistant professor of chemistry in the College of Arts & Sciences (A&S), and his team introduced a prototyping “lock-and-key” system that holds therapeutic drugs in an inactive, caged form until a separate chemical trigger releases them at a specific site. The study was published in Angewandte Chemie International Edition. It introduces a new platform to control when and where chemical bonds break inside living systems.
“We are developing a broadly applicable tool that has the potential to regulate the activity of different types of therapeutics,” Hu says. “Think of this as a tool, like a hammer, that could be used on different nails.”
Professor Earl Miller discusses, Mind-Body Solution podcast.
Earl K. Miller is the Picower Professor of Neuroscience at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has faculty positions in The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences. He holds degrees from Kent State University (B.A.) and Princeton University (M.A., Ph.D.) as well as an honorary Doctor of Science from Kent State University.
For decades, neuroscience treated the brain like a digital machine — storing information in synaptic connections and sustaining activity like a switch flipped on. But what if that model is incomplete?
In this conversation, I sit down with Earl Miller, MIT professor and head of the Miller Lab, to explore a growing shift in cognitive neuroscience: the brain may compute using dynamic electrical waves.
We discuss how oscillations coordinate millions of neurons, how waves interact with spikes in a two-way system, why large-scale brain organization may depend on rhythmic patterns, and what this means for artificial intelligence.
Yanchang Wang and colleagues (Florida State University) show that in yeast, polo-like kinase Cdc5 promotes the phosphorylation of SUMO protease Ulp2, reducing its affinity for SUMO chains and thereby facilitating polySUMOylation.
Genetics CellCycle
1Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine and.
2Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
3Department of Mathematics, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
Jeffrey P. Henderson use metabolomic profiling of postimplantation drain fluid, revealing an infection-associated molecular signature that, in longitudinal samples, substantially pre-dated clinical infection diagnosis.
1Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine and.
2Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
3Department of Mathematics, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
Over the years, cell biology has built a detailed picture of how cells compartmentalize their internal functions. Central to this organization is the nucleus, which houses the genetic material and is separated from the cytoplasm by a robust nuclear envelope.
Traditionally, the nuclear membrane has been considered a strict barrier, maintaining nuclear integrity except during carefully controlled processes such as mitosis. As a result, the release of nuclear material has largely been associated with cellular damage or death.
However, recent work by a research team in Japan suggests that this view may be incomplete.
Lehtimäki et al. reveal how repulsive Slit1b/2-Robo2 and attractive neurturin-Gfrα1/2-Ret signaling jointly coordinate multipolar migration of horizontal cells through crowded, scaffold-free environments of the vertebrate retina. This work was enabled by sophisticated transcriptomics analysis, targeted F0 CRISPR screening, and 3D fixed and live imaging.