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Category: biotech/medical – Page 279

What Are Cancer Vaccines?

Using mRNA is a promising new way to make [vaccines to help treat cancer](https://www.cancer.org/cancer/managing-cancer/treatment-type…nes.html).

Vaccines are substances that help your immune system learn to fight off something that doesn’t belong there. We’re most familiar with vaccines that help prevent some types of infections, such as the flu vaccine. But vaccines might also be helpful in treating cancer, if the vaccine can get the immune system to see and attack cancer cells. It’s been hard to make effective cancer vaccines for several reasons, but mRNA might provide a way to make cancer vaccines that are more effective and easier to create.

https://www.cancer.org/cancer/managing-cancer/treatment-type…cines.html

Some vaccines help protect against viruses that cause cancer, while others are used to treat cancer. Learn more about cancer vaccines here.

This years biggest breakthroughs in longevity!

Wrap up for 2025.

Every year I compile what I think were some important contributions to longevity research. Here is my list for 2025!!

Find me on Twitter — / eleanorsheekey.

Support the channel.
through PayPal — https://paypal.me/sheekeyscience?coun… through Patreon — / thesheekeyscienceshow TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 – Intro & “What is aging?” / Hallmarks 2025 02:07 – Cellular reprogramming 05:47 – Senescent cells 11:45 – GLP‑1 agonists & ITP 13:43 – Elastin fragments & ECM aging 15:22 – Cardiac ‘age‑switch’ experiment 16:18 – Systemic environment: FOXO3 cells, antler EVs, plasma exchange 19:26 – Things you wouldn’t have thought of: AI-predicted antibodies REFERENCES: What is aging / hallmarks Hallmarks of aging update 2025 (14 hallmarks, ECM + psychosocial isolation) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science… reprogramming Prevalent mesenchymal drift in aging and disease is reversed by partial reprogramming – Cell 2025 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.0… A single factor for safer cellular rejuvenation (SB000) – bioRxiv 2025 https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.05.65… https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.11… OpenAI x Retro Biosciences: AI‑designed reprogramming factors https://openai.com/index/accelerating… Restoration of neuronal progenitors by partial reprogramming in the aged neurogenic niche – Nature Aging 2024 (YouthBio’s scientific basis) https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-024-00… Chemical reprogramming ameliorates cellular hallmarks of aging and extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans – EMBO Molecular Medicine 2025 https://doi.org/10.1038/s44321-025-00… https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles… Senescent cells An unbiased cell‑culture selection yields DNA aptamers as senescence‑specific reagents – Aging Cell 2025 https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.70245 Senolytic CAR T cells reverse senescence‑associated pathologies – Amor et al., Nature 2020 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-24… Anti‑uPAR CAR T cells reverse and prevent aging‑associated defects in intestinal regeneration and fitness – Nature Aging 2025 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-025-01… Rejuvenation of Senescent Cells, In Vitro and In Vivo, by Low‑Frequency Ultrasound – Aging Cell 2025 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles… Supplements, ITP & GLP‑1s Are GLP‑1s the first longevity drugs? – Nature Biotechnology 2025 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-025-02… GLP‑1 receptor agonists at the crossroads of metabolism and longevity – Nature Aging https://www.nature.com/articles/s4151… Extension of lifespan by epicatechin, halofuginone and mitoglitazone in male but not female UM‑HET3 mice – GeroScience 2025 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01… https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40973… ECM, elastin & cardiac environment Elastin‑derived extracellular matrix fragments drive aging through innate immune activation – Nature Aging 2025 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-025-00… Sun, A.R., Ramli, M.F.H., Shen, X. et al. Hybrid hydrogel–extracellular matrix scaffolds identify biochemical and mechanical signatures of cardiac ageing. Nat. Mater. 24, 1489–1501 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-025-02… Systemic environment: stem cells, EVs, plasma Senescence‑resistant human mesenchymal progenitor cells counter aging in primates – Cell 2025 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.0… Attenuation of primate aging via systemic infusion of senescence‑resistant cells – https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles… Extracellular vesicles from antler blastema progenitor cells reverse bone loss and mitigate aging‑related phenotypes – Nature Aging 2025 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles… Human clinical trial of plasmapheresis effects on biomarkers of aging – Aging Cell 2025 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles… “Things you wouldn’t think of” – AI antibodies Atomically accurate de novo design of antibodies with atomic precision – Baker Lab, Nature 2025 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09… Computational design of human antibodies targeting any antigen – https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.1… Please note that The Sheekey Science Show is distinct from Eleanor Sheekey’s teaching and research roles. The information provided in this show is not medical advice, nor should it be taken or applied as a replacement for medical advice. The Sheekey Science Show and guests assume no liability for the application of the information discussed. Icons in intro; “https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-v…“Background vector created by freepik — www.freepik.com.
through Patreon — / thesheekeyscienceshow.

TIMESTAMPS:

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THC Blood Limits Don’t Reliably Show Driving Impairment

After 48 hours of abstinence, 43% of 190 cannabis users still exceeded zero-tolerance THC limits, with 24% above 2 ng/mL and 5.3% above 5 ng/mL.

How does cannabis THC impact driver impairment and DUI laws? This is what a recent study published in Clinical Chemistry hopes to address as a team of researchers investigated current cannabis DUI laws and whether they are effective in identifying impaired drivers from cannabis use. This study has the potential to help researchers, law enforcement, medical professionals, and the public better understand cannabis DUI laws and whether they should be adjusted to accurately depict and identify impaired drivers.

For the study, the researchers analyzed data obtained from 190 cannabis users to evaluate baseline THC concentrations after 48 hours and whether they exceeded the current legal limits of THC concentrations. These limits include 2 or 5 ng/mL of THC in several states while some states have zero-tolerance policies. The participants were instructed to abstain from cannabis use for 48 hours to be evaluated for their THC levels. In the end, the researchers found that 43 percent of the participants exceeded zero-tolerance levels after 48 hours of abstaining from cannabis while 24 percent had baseline THC levels more that 2 ng/mL and 5.3 percent has greater than 5 ng/mL.

The study concluded, “More work needs to be done to address how to best identify drivers who are under the influence of cannabis and are unsafe to drive. A brief editorial highlights many of the challenges faced when developing a reliable test of cannabis impairment. At present, the best protocol is a combination of observations in the field and toxicology testing. We recognize that the current state of the art is lacking and have made recommendations on pathways for improvement. We feel that an essential component of improving highway safety is collaborations between law enforcement and the scientific community to develop standards that are unbiased and potentially lifesaving.”

Naturally occurring molecule shown to restore memory function in Alzheimer’s models

Singapore has one of the highest life expectancies in the world, yet many individuals spend almost a decade in poor health toward the end of life. Scientists from the Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS Medicine) are working to understand how aging itself can be modified to prevent age-related diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease.

A new study led by Professor Brian K Kennedy, Department of Biochemistry, Chair of the Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program (TRP), NUS Medicine, has discovered that calcium alpha-ketoglutarate (CaAKG), a safe, naturally occurring metabolite commonly studied for healthy aging, can restore key memory-related brain functions that have been disrupted in Alzheimer’s disease.

The paper is published in the journal Aging Cell.

Age Reversal Update — Just 15 Minutes of This Can Add Years to Your Life!!!

A landmark 2024 study reveals the staggering danger of our sedentary lifestyles, with a 300% higher risk of mortality for those who barely move. But there’s a simple, powerful antidote already within your reach. In this update, we dive into the data showing how just 15 minutes of daily walking can dramatically slash your risk and add healthy years to your life, ensuring you’re here to benefit from the incredible age-reversal breakthroughs on the horizon.
The future is arriving faster than you think. We’re also bringing you an exclusive, first-look update on the revolutionary OSK (Yamanaka factor) research aimed at reversing biological aging. From groundbreaking success in mice to imminent primate trials, we break down the timeline and science that could make meaningful age reversal a human reality. Don’t let a sedentary present cut short your chance at a longer, younger future.

Credits To : Perpetual Life & Mr. Bill Faloon

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Researchers Discover New Way To Wake Up Cancer-Killing T Cells

Researchers at the University of Southampton have identified a new strategy that could strengthen how the immune system responds to cancer.

Reporting their findings in Nature Communications, the scientists describe the use of specially engineered antibodies designed to more effectively switch on T cells that are capable of destroying cancer cells.

These antibodies act by ‘grabbing’ and ‘clustering’ several immune cell receptors at once, increasing the strength of the signal that instructs T cells to attack tumors.

Deep learning creates virtual multiplexed immunostaining to improve cancer diagnosis

Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), in collaboration with pathologists from Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center and the University of Southern California, have developed a deep learning–based method that can digitally generate multiple immunohistochemical stains from a single, unstained tissue section.

The work is published in the journal BME Frontiers.

The approach enables accurate assessment of vascular invasion—a key indicator of cancer aggressiveness—without the need for conventional chemical staining procedures.

A new AI tool could dramatically speed up the discovery of life-saving medicines

Researchers in China have unveiled a new AI framework that could accelerate the discovery of new medicines. DrugCLIP can scan millions of potential drug compounds against thousands of protein targets in just a few hours—ten million times faster than current virtual screening methods.

Typically, when scientists develop new medicines, they use complex computer simulations to fit a 3D drug molecule into a protein pocket. This indicates that it is likely to interact with the protein’s binding site and function. However, the process is incredibly time-consuming and expensive.

Applying Clinical Licensure Principles to Artificial Intelligence

Editorial: Proposals to apply clinician-style licensure to AI tools may allow adaptive oversight as AI models grow more complex. Implementation challenges include defining responsible parties and ensuring adequate regulatory expertise.

In this issue of JAMA Internal Medicine, Bressman et al1 propose a clever thought experiment: what if medical tools incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) were licensed as advanced practitioners, rather than solely regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)? This strategy seeks to provide an alternative or complement to FDA clearance in regulation of medical software incorporating AI. The authors suggest this may allow the necessary flexibility to keep up with the pace of change in AI, the breadth of applications for a given model, and the need to ensure that such tools demonstrate clinical utility.2

Many instances of more specific, single-purpose AI applications can be adequately regulated within existing frameworks. However, generative AI may be deployed in a wide range of contexts, and models may continue to develop over time. Because these models are probabilistic rather than deterministic, they may make errors that are analogous to human errors, for example, mistakes due to inadequate knowledge or lapses in judgment. Bressman et al1 argue that an appropriately flexible framework for certification already exists in the form of licensing oversight of advanced practitioners. With this approach, the extent of supervision depends on the particular activity, with some tasks requiring more oversight than others.

The proposal leaves a number of critical details to be resolved. Any AI licensing system will need to be able to evaluate and address a model’s specific potentials for harm before deployment; thus, some central regulation likely will continue to be required. In addition, determining who will take on the responsibility and oversight for decisions and treatment pathways generated by AI, as well as assume the liability for errors or adverse events, remains a thorny question. These considerations are again analogous to those of clinician licensing, but although medical boards are well positioned for licensing, the extent to which a similar approach could be developed with the necessary expertise for AI in medicine remains to be seen.

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