BACKGROUND: Elevated circulating lipids increase oxidative stress and impair vascular function.
But their effects on sympathetic-vascular control in humans are not well understood.
We tested the hypothesis that intravenous lipid infusion enhances sympathetic-vascular.
Transduction and beat-to-beat arterial pressure variability in humans, and that these.
An undergraduate astrophysics student at UC Berkeley has found three unusual galaxies—cataloged as Shapiro Dwarf Galaxies I, II and III. Each galaxy is far from other galaxies and has stopped making stars, a combination that is extremely rare. The discovery, published in The Astrophysical Journal, provides compelling observational evidence of a long-held astronomical theory.
“Dwarf galaxies exist both in isolation and as satellites around larger galaxies like our own Milky Way,” said Julian Shapiro, the study’s sole author, who conducted his research while still in high school. “In isolation, these galaxies are expected to be actively forming stars, as there are no larger galaxies to strip their star-forming gas, but the galaxies I discovered break this rule.
My paper argues that they may be among the first resolved ‘backsplash’ galaxy candidates, or galaxies that once passed close to a large neighbor, whose pressure removed their gas, before being flung outward.
To us mortals, the flow of time goes one way.
Yesterday is gone, tomorrow is yet to come, and no matter how precisely and faithfully a clock marks the passing seconds, we can never return to a moment that has passed.
But for a time crystal, things are very different.
A new preclinical study suggests that attacking triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in two ways at once can kill cancer cells, slow tumor growth and limit the cancer’s spread. Researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center—Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC—James) developed the approach. The findings could help guide new treatments for this hard-to-treat form of breast cancer.
“This study points to a possible new way to fight TNBC by pairing a targeted ‘smart bomb’ drug with a treatment that shuts down the cancer cells’ energy factories,” said Xiaoguang “Margaret” Liu, Ph.D., the study’s corresponding author and a member of the OSUCCC—James Translational Therapeutics Program. Liu also is a professor in Ohio State’s College of Engineering. “These results are an early step. If the approach continues to work in laboratory studies and clinical trials, it could lead to a more effective treatment with fewer side effects than current options.”
The findings were published Aug. 18, 2026, in Cell Reports Medicine. The study helps scientists better understand how triple-negative breast cancer may survive treatment. It suggests the cancer may be more vulnerable when one treatment delivers a drug directly to cancer cells and another cuts off their energy supply.
The polar vortex, a swirling mass of cold air encircling the North Pole, is sometimes disrupted by sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events, unleashing waves of frigid air that penetrate farther south than usual. Temperatures across North America and Europe drop precipitously when this happens, but such events remain hard to predict, meaning we can’t easily warn people when SSW is imminent.
Boscu and team used a machine learning (ML) technique to learn SSW behavior from a physics-based simulation that reproduces important atmospheric dynamics, accelerating polar vortex simulations. They went a step further by analyzing the ML model itself to understand how it represents various aspects of the polar vortex. The work is published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Machine Learning and Computation.
The authors trained their model on the Holton-Mass model of stratospheric variability, which produces two metastable regimes for the polar vortex: one weak and one strong. A transition from the strong to the weak regime is what causes SSW events.
Flat bands harbor exotic electron physics. A new way of realizing them could make the physics more accessible.
Light is one of the most powerful tools scientists have for probing matter. By interacting with electrons, light reveals how atoms, molecules and materials are structured and how they evolve in time. Highly energetic ultraviolet and X-ray photons are particularly attractive because they can access electrons located close to atomic nuclei, where each chemical element carries its own distinctive electronic fingerprint.
While researchers can control electrons with visible and infrared lasers, extending these techniques to the XUV and X-ray domains has proven far more challenging. The international research team has now brought a new tool to that demanding region of the spectrum.
Most conventional methods of ultrafast photography use evenly spaced intervals in which images are taken, but new developments have shown how much can be left out of the story, especially when multiple timescales are involved.
Ultrafast events, such as a laser pulse or shock-wave emission, can be captured using ultrafast imaging. Conventional methods of imaging operate on microsecond (millionths of a second) or millisecond (thousandths of a second) timescales and usually have a set, evenly spaced—or mostly evenly spaced—interval in which images are taken. While this can work to capture some characteristics of the ultrafast event, not every important and observable dynamic happens at neatly spaced intervals.
For nearly a century, physicists have relied on the Born rule to calculate the chances of different outcomes when they measure a quantum system. Yet despite decades of effort, nobody has managed to derive the rule from more basic mathematical principles without making assumptions about probability along the way.
Through new analysis published in Physical Review A, Jiaxuan Zhang at the University of Oxford has shown that five of the most prominent derivations of the Born rule all depend on one such assumption. Her work suggests that quantum probabilities can’t simply be extracted from a theory that contains none to begin with.
New results from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provide strong evidence that smashing oxygen nuclei together at nearly the speed of light generates a quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a type of matter that existed just after the birth of the universe. The data, just published in Physical Review Letters, show that energetic jets of particles lose energy as they traverse the hot, dense matter left in the collision’s wake.
This energy loss phenomenon, known as jet quenching, has been one of the “smoking gun” signatures of QGP formation in collisions of larger atomic nuclei at RHIC, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science user facility that operated at DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory from 2000 until earlier this year. This signature has also been observed in oxygen–oxygen collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), located at CERN, the European Particle Physics Laboratory. The analysis from RHIC at significantly lower collision energy sets a new lower boundary for the conditions capable of producing the primordial QGP in this small collision system.
“The QGP is believed to be the form of matter that filled the early universe—before the protons and neutrons that make up today’s atoms formed. Understanding its properties is essential for uncovering how the early universe evolved in its first microseconds,” said Li Yi, a professor of physics at Shandong University who oversaw the STAR analysis. “One of the most powerful ways scientists study the QGP is by identifying where its signatures appear—and just as importantly, where these signatures turn off,” she said.