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No AI Has Impressed Me

Stephen Wolfram, a physicist, computer scientist and founder of Wolfram Research, has been hunting for a theory of everything since his first days as a particle physicist at Caltech. Wolfram put that mission to the side to focus on his business, but the success of artificial intelligence and computational science has encouraged Wolfram to pick up the quest to understand the universe once again, with renewed vigour.

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The electrifying science behind Martian dust

Mars, often depicted as a barren red planet, is far from lifeless. With its thin atmosphere and dusty surface, it is an energetic and electrically charged environment where dust storms and dust devils continually reshape the landscape, creating dynamic processes that have intrigued scientists.

Planetary scientist Alian Wang has been shedding light on Mars’s electrifying dust activities through a series of papers. Her latest research, published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters, explores the isotopic geochemical consequences of these activities.

Scientists capture first-ever high-resolution images of topological quantum Hall edge states

Read more here.

By Tom Garlinghouse

Physicists have long known that some materials behave strangely at their edges, conducting electricity without resistance even as their interiors remain insulating. These boundary phenomena, called topological edge states, form the basis of quantum technologies and exotic “topological phases” of matter. But despite decades of study, scientists could only infer how these quantum edges behave—no one had actually seen their microscopic structure in action.

Now, a collaborative team of researchers have achieved a remarkable first: they directly imaged the internal structure of these edge states in monolayer graphene, using one of the most precise tools in modern physics—scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Their results, published last week in Nature, reveal how fundamental interactions between electrons reshape the very edge of a quantum material, upending long-held theoretical assumptions and opening a new window onto quantum topological behavior.

Patient Information: Prostatitis

📄 This JAMA Patient Page describes the types of prostatitis and its risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment.

Prostatitis involves infection, inflammation, or pain in the prostate gland and affects about 9% of men during their lifetime.

Patients with acute prostatitis typically have fever, chills, pelvic pain, sudden onset of frequent urination, and pain or burning during urination.

📄 Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment of CP/CPPS

Approximately 267 000 men in the US are diagnosed with CP/CPPS each year. Risk increases after age 50 years. Although other risk factors for CP/CPPS are unclear, men with CP/CPPS are more likely to have chronic pain syndromes such as fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome and higher rates of depression, anxiety, and panic disorder than unaffected men.

Anti-ANGPTL3 Antibody SHR-1918 for Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial

Monthly subcutaneous SHR-1918, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting ANGPTL3, was associated with reduced LDL-C in adults with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia on stable lipid-lowering therapy.

Question Does SHR-1918, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting angiopoietinlike 3 (ANGPTL3), lower the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level in adults with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) taking stable lipid-lowering therapy?

Findings In this phase 2 nonrandomized clinical trial of 26 patients, SHR-1918 at 600 mg every 4 weeks was associated with a substantial reduction in LDL-C level exceeding half in adults with HoFH taking stable lipid-lowering therapy and was also associated with lower levels of other lipids, with evidence of a manageable safety profile.

Meaning The promising findings observed in this trial support the launch of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 randomized clinical trial to verify the effect and safety of SHR-1918 for HoFH management.

Heart-brain connection via vagus nerve to keep the heart young

The secret to a healthier and “younger” heart lies in the vagus nerve. A recent study published in Science Translational Medicine has shown that preserving bilateral cardiac vagal innervation is an anti-aging factor. In particular, the right cardiac vagus nerve emerges as a true guardian of cardiomyocyte health, helping to preserve the longevity of the heart independently of heart rate.

‘When the integrity of the connection to the vagus nerve is lost, the heart ages more rapidly,’ explains the senior author.

‘Even partial restoration of the connection between the right vagus nerve and the heart is sufficient to counteract the mechanisms of remodelling and preserve effective cardiac contractility,’ adds another author.

‘We have developed an implantable bioabsorbable nerve conduit designed to promote and guide the spontaneous regeneration of the thoracic vagus nerve at the cardiac level,’ explains a co-author.

Treated adult male minipigs displayed improved global circumferential, longitudinal, and radial strains and reduced diastolic dyssynchrony. Histological analysis revealed partial repair with about 20% viable vagal fascicles, restoration of myocardial parasympathetic fibers, normalization of oxidative stress and aging markers, and prevention of interstitial fibrosis.

Dr. Christie M. Ballantyne & Dr. Alexander Tal — Oral PCSK9 Therapy And The Future Of Heart Disease

Oral PCSK9 Therapy And The Future Of Heart Disease — Dr. Christie Ballantyne MD, Director, Center for Cardiometabolic Disease Prevention, Baylor College of Medicine & Dr. Alexander Tal, MD.

Dr. Christie M. Ballantyne, MD is a Cardiologist and is one of the nation’s foremost experts on lipids, atherosclerosis and heart disease prevention. He holds many leadership positions at Baylor College of Medicine (https://www.bcm.edu/people-search/chr… including director of the Center for Cardiometabolic Disease Prevention, co-director of the Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis Clinic, and chief of the Section of Cardiology.

With over 1,000 publications in the area of atherosclerosis, lipids, and inflammation, Dr. Ballantyne’s research on heart disease prevention has led him to become an established investigator for the American Heart Association and the recipient of continuous funding from the National Institutes of Health with a core focus on in basic research of leukocyte–endothelial interactions, translational research in biomarkers, and clinical trials.

Dr. Ballantyne’s many accomplishments have included being elected as Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Society of Clinical Investigation, and the Association of American Physicians. In 2012, he received the American College of Cardiology Distinguished Scientist Award (Basic Domain).

In 2014 and 2015, Thomson Reuters recognized Dr. Ballantyne as one of “The World’s Most Influential Scientific Minds.” Clarivate Analytics, Web of Science, named Dr. Ballantyne as a “Highly Cited Researcher” 2017–2022 in the top 1% of researchers most cited.

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