A new method could enable physicists to spot signs of dark matter in gravitational waves that are detected on Earth. This could occur if two colliding black holes spiral through a dense region of dark matter and merge, leaving an imprint in gravitational waves that are rippling across space and time.
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Hidden small RNA in cholera bacterium helps determine whether it can infect humans
Scientists from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital have uncovered what gives Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera, the ability to colonize the human gut. The researchers found that a small RNA embedded within another gene controls where cholera thrives, a discovery that could improve prediction and prevention strategies. The study is published in the journal Nature Communications.
Infectious diseases remain the leading cause of pediatric mortality worldwide. V. cholerae causes a severe diarrheal disease leading to more than 143,000 deaths and millions of cases each year, primarily affecting young children. While there are many strains of the V. cholerae species, only one can infect humans. The reason for this has been unclear for 50 years, hampering efforts to predict and prevent outbreaks.
“For decades, we’ve been trying to understand what allows cholera to infect humans,” said corresponding author Salvador Almagro-Moreno, Ph.D., St. Jude Department of Host-Microbe Interactions. “The answer was right in front of us the whole time—this small RNA hiding inside another gene is the real culprit.”
Metabolism by ex vivo cultures of human stool increases the activity of coumarin, a widespread antioxidant from herbal supplements
Mingolelli et al. characterize microbiome metabolism of coumarin in ex vivo cultures from human stool. Seventeen gut species reduce coumarin to 3,4-dihydrocoumarin and melilotic acid, including E. coli, through an N-ethylmaleimide-reductase-dependent pathway. Gut metabolites demonstrate increased antioxidant activity compared to either coumarin or its host metabolite, umbelliferone.
SpaceX is skipping the booster catch on Starship V3’s debut flight — and the reason quietly reveals which milestone Musk actually cares about hitting before Artemis
SpaceX will not attempt to catch the Super Heavy booster on Starship V3’s debut flight. The booster will steer itself to a soft splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico instead of returning to the launch tower’s mechanical arms — the maneuver that became the defining image of the program on multiple V2 flights. For a company that has made spectacle a core part of its engineering culture, skipping the catch is a tell. It signals what Elon Musk and his engineers actually care about getting right on this flight, and it isn’t the part that makes for a good replay.
Astrophysicists use ‘space archaeology’ to trace the history of a spiral galaxy
Billions of years ago, a young spiral galaxy began to grow in a crowded part of the universe. It pulled in gas and small companion galaxies, slowly building up the bright central region and sweeping spiral arms we see today.
In a new study published in March 2026, my colleagues and I used this galaxy’s chemical fingerprints to reconstruct its life story in detail.
Astronomers want to know how spiral galaxies like our own Milky Way came to be, as these galaxies can give us hints about how the elements we rely on, such as oxygen, were created and spread through space over time.
Cosmic beacon unveiled inside nearby active galaxy by JWST
Messier 77 is one of the largest nearby spiral galaxies, with an active, brilliant core. Here’s what JWST’s incomparable eyes saw inside it.
OpenAI Bought Company That Offered A.I. Tools for Cloning Voices
The acquisition, Weights.gg, was a sort of social network for creating and sharing artificial intelligence algorithms.
Scientists Just Found New Evidence of Life on Enceladus
The question Enceladus is asking is whether the transition from chemistry to biology is easy or hard. Whether it is something that happens whenever conditions permit, or whether we are alone in a universe that almost got there but never quite did.
A small, bright moon, five hundred kilometres wide, has become the most precise instrument humanity has ever had for answering that question. And it is answering it in real time, one grain of ice at a time.
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Timestamps:
0:00 Enceladus.
1:28 The Moon Herschel Couldn’t See.
4:46 Cassini and the Plumes.
8:18 The Chemistry Stack.
13:26 The 2025 Reveal: Fresh Organics and a Stable Ocean.
22:40 The Honest Complication.
27:24 What the Ice Grains Are Carrying.
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What is a Complex System?
Find the full course to Complexity Theory on our site here: https://www.systemsinnovation.network…
In this module we will be trying to define what exactly a complex system is, we will first talk about systems in general before going on to look at complexity as a product of several different parameters.
Examples of some definitions for a complex system:
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