Sci. Adv. 12, eaea5496 (2026). DOI:10.1126/sciadv.aea5496
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Zalesky and colleagues discuss the evolution of aging clocks into organ-specific aging readouts that harness omics and imaging data. They review the insights that this additional resolution provides on differential aging across organs within interconnected systems, as well as the methods, priorities and future directions.
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Dr. Fahy is the Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer at 21st Century Medicine, Inc, and has co-founded Intervene Immune, a company developing clinical methods to reverse immune system aging. He was the 2022–2023 president of the Society for Cryobiology. Dr. Fahy is the lead author of a recent paper, “Ultrastructural and Histological Cryopreservation of Mammalian Brains by Vitrification” – the main topic of our conversation.
In December of 2014, I worked with Dr. Fahy to cryopreserve Dr. Stephen Coles under special conditions, with his permission to extract brain samples and test them for preservation quality. We did not know what the results would be. If bad, that would be discouraging for cryonics. In fact, the results were excellent, as Dr. Fahy details.
We discuss the Coles case and the results of the cerebral cortical biopsy. The paper includes results from rabbit brains. We also discuss the relative resilience of the brain compared to other organs when it comes to fracturing; how cryoprotectants prevent ice formation even when the blood-brain barrier remains closed; whether biostasis organizations should be using blood-brain barrier opening agents; Dr. Fahy’s thoughts about chemical preservation and the role of a combination of cryo an chemo, known as aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation (ASC), and more.
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What if aging isn’t just “getting older” but the gradual breakdown of the biological systems protecting our DNA? Scientists are now exploring therapies designed to directly lengthen telomeres, the protective caps linked to cellular aging itself. The future of longevity may be far more programmable than we thought.