Researchers found built-in privacy leaks in 85 browser wallets that can link addresses, survive logout, and expose users across unrelated sites.
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SonicWall warns of SMA1000 flaws exploited in zero-day attacks, patch now
SonicWall warns that threat actors have been exploiting two SMA1000 vulnerabilities, tracked as CVE-2026–15409 and CVE-2026–15410, in zero-day attacks and urges customers to install the newly released security updates.
CVE-2026–15409 is a critical (CVSS 10.0) server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in the SMA1000 Appliance Work Place interface that allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to force an appliance to make requests to unintended locations.
CVE-2026–15410 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.2) post-authentication code injection flaw in the SMA1000 Appliance Management Console that could allow a remote authenticated administrator to execute arbitrary operating system commands.
Nearly 300 GitHub repos pose as legit software to push malware
A threat actor has published hundreds of fake GitHub repositories impersonating legitimate software and security projects to distribute infostealer malware.
The campaign drew traffic from search results for security products, cryptocurrency services, financial tools, developer utilities, secure email providers, macOS utilities, and gaming software.
The malware collects data from more than 19 web browsers, steals info from 32 cryptocurrency wallets, and exfiltrates sensitive details from messaging and social media apps.
Microsoft releases Windows 10 KB5099539 extended security update
Microsoft has released the Windows 10 KB5099539 extended security update, which includes the July 2026 Patch Tuesday security updates for 570 vulnerabilities, along with additional security fixes.
Initially, Microsoft only offered consumers one year of extended security updates. However, last month, Microsoft quietly extended its free Windows 10 Extended Security Updates (ESU) program for consumers by an additional year, allowing enrolled devices to receives security updates until October 12, 2027.
If you are running Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC or are enrolled in the ESU program, you can install this update like normal by going into Settings, clicking on Windows Update, and manually performing a ‘Check for Updates.’
Astronomers may have caught an early galaxy in the process of dying
Astronomers have spotted many “red and dead” galaxies in the early universe. These are massive systems that stopped forming stars surprisingly early in cosmic history. Now, they may have found evidence of one in the act of becoming dead: a massive galaxy being stripped of its starforming gas just 1.4 billion years after the Big Bang. The clues behind why it lost its star-forming material are detailed in a paper posted to the arXiv preprint server on June 16.
Comet-like galaxy SPT2349–56 is an emerging galaxy cluster, or “protocluster,” containing about 30 star-forming galaxies within a region 100 kiloparsecs wide. Among its members, C26 is particularly interesting because of its unusual shape. It has a head and a tail like a comet. It also has a dense, bright region called the “knot,” embedded within the tail. It was first detected in ALMA images.
In this new study, using observations from the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope, the team led by Dazhi Zhou of the University of British Columbia studied this galaxy’s head, tail and knot to estimate its mass and star-forming properties.
100 scientific papers I’ve read in full over the past year
Ever since high school, I’ve had a personal tradition of sharing the scientific papers I read (in full) with my online community. About a year ago, I started cataloguing my posts and periodically sharing batches of papers here on Substack. So far, I have made 16 Substack posts, each with 5–10 papers and my comments. In total, this has resulted in a compilation of 100 papers and commentaries. Together, these papers represent a massive accumulation of human knowledge, progress, and innovation. Millions more exist out there on the internet. I will acknowledge that there’s a lot wrong with the academic publishing system and that it deserves massive reform. But seeing all of this amazing work at once nonetheless gives me hope that the collective intellect of the human species is capable of great things.
I’ve kept track of the 100 scientific papers that I’ve read in full over the past ~1 year, writing short summaries and posting them on social media. Here is the full compilation!
Mission · Oak Lab
Before starting Oak Lab, both Sutton and Javed were working at Keen Technologies—an AGI startup founded by legendary game developer John Carmack. They chose to break away to pursue a fundamentally different path toward understanding intelligence. Sutton bluntly describes current deep learning methods as “weak and inefficient,” arguing that today’s AI models are hitting a wall because of how they learn.
Today’s frontier models (like ChatGPT or Claude) are trained on massive, static, pre-collected internet datasets. Sutton argues this is “learning from someone else’s experience.” Because these datasets are frozen, the models cannot independently discover truly new knowledge, adapt in real time, or evaluate their own outputs.
Sutton’s model explicitly shifts away from the “turn-based” prompt-and-response loop of modern LLMs. By running the FC-STOMP cycle continuously on streaming data, Oak Lab expects to build agents that discover optimal, creative survival and problem-solving strategies that completely bypass the limits of human intuition.
OaK architecture discovers temporal abstractions grounded in experience that are both self-verifiable and useful for planning.
Biodegradation of polyethylene by the marine fungus Parengyodontium album
Year 2024 Marine fungus that eats plastic.
Plastic pollution in the marine realm is a severe environmental problem. Nevertheless, plastic may also serve as a potential carbon and energy source for microbes, yet the contribution of marine microbes, especially marine fungi to plastic degradation is not well constrained. We isolated the fungus Parengyodontium album from floating plastic debris in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre and measured fungal-mediated mineralization rates (conversion to CO2) of polyethylene (PE) by applying stable isotope probing assays with 13 C-PE over 9 days of incubation. When the PE was pretreated with UV light, the biodegradation rate of the initially added PE was 0.044%/day. Furthermore, we traced the incorporation of PE-derived 13 C carbon into P. album biomass using nanoSIMS and fatty acid analysis.