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Category: quantum physics – Page 16

Phase transitions, shifts between different states of matter, are widely explored physical phenomena. So far, these transitions have primarily been studied in three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) systems, yet theories suggest that they could also occur in some one-dimensional (1D) systems.

Researchers at the Duke Quantum Center and the University of Maryland recently reported the first observation of a finite-energy phase transition in a 1D chain of atoms simulated on a . Their paper, published in Nature Physics, introduces a promising approach to realizing finite-energy states in quantum simulation platforms, which opens new possibilities for the study of phase transitions in 1D systems.

The recent study is a that combined the work of theoretical physicists at the University of Maryland with that of at the Duke Quantum Center, where the was placed and where the experiments were carried out.

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Researchers at Tohoku University have achieved a significant advancement in opto-magnetic technology, observing an opto-magnetic torque approximately five times more efficient than in conventional magnets. This breakthrough, led by Koki Nukui, Assistant Professor Satoshi Iihama, and Professor Shigemi Mizukami, has far-reaching implications for the development of light-based spin memory and storage technologies.

Opto-magnetic is a method which can generate force on magnets. This can be used to change the direction of magnets by light more efficiently. By creating alloy nanofilms with up to 70% platinum dissolved in cobalt, the team discovered that the unique relativistic quantum mechanical effects of platinum significantly boost the magnetic torque.

The study revealed that the enhancement of opto-magnetic torque was attributed to the electron generated by circularly polarized light and relativistic quantum mechanical effects. The findings are published in Physical Review Letters.

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How does cold milk disperse when it is dripped into hot coffee? Even the fastest supercomputers are unable to perform the necessary calculations with high precision because the underlying quantum physical processes are extremely complex.

In 1982, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Richard Feynman suggested that, instead of using conventional computers, such questions are better solved using a quantum computer, which can simulate the quantum physical processes efficiently—a quantum simulator. With the rapid progress now being made in the development of quantum computers, Feynman’s vision could soon become a reality.

Together with researchers from Google and universities in five countries, Andreas Läuchli and Andreas Elben, two at PSI, have built and successfully tested a new type of digital–analog quantum simulator.

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Multiferroic materials, in which electric and magnetic properties are combined in promising ways, will be the heart of new solutions for data storage, data transmission, and quantum computers. Meanwhile, understanding the origin of such properties at a fundamental level is key for developing applications, and neutrons are the ideal probe.

Neutrons possess a which makes them sensitive to magnetic fields generated by unpaired electrons in materials. This makes scattering techniques a powerful tool to probe the magnetic behavior of materials at atomic level.

The story of the so-called layered perovskites and the breakthrough results now published are a paradigmatic example highlighting both the role of fundamental studies in the development of applications and of the power of neutrons. Being a promising class of materials exhibiting coupled magnetic and electric ordering properties at ambient temperatures, the magnetic structure of the layered perovskites YBaCuFeO5—and thus the origin of their interesting magneto-electric behavior—was still to be unambiguously determined.

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DARPA’s Intensity-Squeezed Photonic Integration for Revolutionary Detectors (INSPIRED) seeks to break the quantum noise limit

Optical detectors are essential for converting light into measurable signals, enabling a wide range of critical technologies, such as fiber-optic communication, biological imaging, and motion sensors for navigation. However, their sensitivity is fundamentally limited by quantum noise, which prevents the detection of extremely faint signals in the most precision-demanding fields.

As the world marks the 100-year anniversary of the initial development of quantum mechanics with the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology, DARPA’s Intensity-Squeezed Photonic Integration for Revolutionary Detectors (INSPIRED) program is working to break through the quantum noise limit. By harnessing “squeezed light,” INSPIRED seeks to develop compact, cost-effective optical detectors that can operate at unprecedented sensitivities – allowing signals previously buried in quantum noise to be clearly detected.

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Quantum computing represents a paradigm shift in computation with the potential to revolutionize scientific discovery and technological innovation. This seminar will examine the roadmap for constructing quantum supercomputers, emphasizing the integration of quantum processors with traditional high-performance computing (HPC) systems. The seminar will be led by prominent experts Prof. John Martinis (Qolab), Dr. Masoud Mohseni (HPE), and Dr. Yonatan Cohen (Quantum Machines), who will discuss the critical hurdles and opportunities in scaling quantum computing, drawing upon their latest research publication, “How to Build a Quantum Supercomputer: Scaling Challenges and Opportunities”

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What began as a demonstration of the complexity of fluid systems evolved into an art piece in the American Physical Society’s Gallery of Fluid Motion and ultimately became a puzzle that researchers have now solved.

Their new study is published in the journal Physical Review Letters

<em> Physical Review Letters (PRL)</em> is a prestigious peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Physical Society. Launched in 1958, it is renowned for its swift publication of short reports on significant fundamental research in all fields of physics. PRL serves as a venue for researchers to quickly share groundbreaking and innovative findings that can potentially shift or enhance understanding in areas such as particle physics, quantum mechanics, relativity, and condensed matter physics. The journal is highly regarded in the scientific community for its rigorous peer review process and its focus on high-impact papers that often provide foundational insights within the field of physics.

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