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Category: quantum physics – Page 13
Artificial Intelligence: The Definitive Primer for the Acceleration Era: Understanding AI, Technology Convergence, Cybersecurity, and the Future
Artificial intelligence is not simply another chapter in the history of technology. It is becoming the cognitive infrastructure of modern civilization. Like electricity transformed the Industrial Age and the Internet transformed the Information Age, AI will define the Intelligence Age. Its true power will not come from replacing people, but from amplifying human ingenuity through the convergence of computing, cybersecurity, robotics, quantum science, biotechnology, and human creativity. The future will belong to societies that innovate boldly, secure wisely, govern responsibly, and never lose sight of the fact that technology should ultimately serve humanity—not the other way around.
Finally! After 20 Years, Major Quantum Entanglement Theory Has Been Experimentally Confirmed
Quantum mechanics is so odd that even the visionary genius who described the secrets of the Universe seemed to dismiss certain aspects as eerie.
“Spooky action at a distance” is how Albert Einstein described quantum entanglement, a weird connection between particles that classical physics cannot explain.
From our classical perspective, it seems to allow instantaneous communication, thereby breaking the speed of light and garnering Einstein’s ire.
A way to read quantum bits faster and with less hardware
Quantum computers process information in a fundamentally different way from conventional computers, using quantum bits, or qubits, that can exist in multiple states at once. This could allow them to tackle problems beyond the reach of today’s machines, from simulating new materials to optimizing complex systems.
But to extract useful results from a quantum processor, researchers must reliably measure the state of each qubit, a task that remains one of the main bottlenecks in the field.
One of the leading approaches to building quantum computers uses superconducting circuits that carry current without resistance at extremely low temperatures.
Claude AI Just Cracked a PostQuantum Test Scheme and Found a Faster 7Round AES Attack
Anthropic says Claude Mythos Preview helped derive an end-to-end key-recovery attack against HAWK-256 and a 200-to 800-fold speedup for an attack on seven-round AES-128.
The HAWK attack exploits a previously unused symmetry in the lattice behind the signature scheme. Anthropic’s released implementation gives an expected end-to-end runtime of about three hours and 42 minutes on a 96-core server. The AES result removes a 256-way guessing step from an existing meet-in-the-middle attack.
Anthropic said neither result affects production systems. HAWK remains a candidate in a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) post-quantum standardization process, and the public recovery code only targets the smaller HAWK-256 parameter.
Engineers observe quantum heat waves at room temperature
Efficient heat management in solids is key to advancing the next generation of electronics. However, wave-like heat movement—known as phonon focusing—had been observed only at extremely low, or cryogenic, temperatures, limiting its study and practical use.
Now, researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that phonons, atomic heat-carrying vibrations with quantum properties, can travel in focused, raylike paths at room temperature. Instead of spreading uniformly in all directions, heat can move along guided pathways defined by a material’s crystal structure, opening new possibilities for managing heat flow in future electronics and quantum technologies.
The World as a Neural Network
We discuss a possibility that the entire universe on its most fundamental level is a neural network. We identify two different types of dynamical degrees of freedom: “trainable” variables (e.g., bias vector or weight matrix) and “hidden” variables (e.g., state vector of neurons). We first consider stochastic evolution of the trainable variables to argue that near equilibrium their dynamics is well approximated by Madelung equations (with free energy representing the phase) and further away from the equilibrium by Hamilton–Jacobi equations (with free energy representing the Hamilton’s principal function). This shows that the trainable variables can indeed exhibit classical and quantum behaviors with the state vector of neurons representing the hidden variables.
Trembling Photons in Non-Abelian Electric Fields
A ring of optical fiber can be made to host phenomena that originated in the realm of high-energy physics.
In non-Abelian gauge theories, particles interact with each other; operation order matters; and a so-called gauge symmetry ensures the invariance of physical laws under local transformations via fields mediated by photons, gluons, and the W and Z bosons. Such theories describe the strong and weak forces; provide the mathematical backbone of the standard model; and underpin efforts to understand the early Universe, quantum gravity, and exotic topological phases of matter. For decades, subjecting these theories to direct experimental scrutiny often meant resorting to enormous particle accelerators. Recently, an experimental approach known as photonic synthetic dimensions has offered a tabletop alternative. Applications of the approach have already realized a non-Abelian magnetic field [1]. Now Shu Yang of the University of Hong Kong and his colleagues have synthesized the corresponding non-Abelian electric field [2].