A research team from the University Hospital Bonn (UKB), the University of Bonn, and the Medical Center—University of Freiburg has gained new insights into the brain processes involved in encoding and retrieving new memory content. The study is based on measurements of individual nerve cells in people with epilepsy and shows how they follow an internal rhythm. The work has now been published in the journal Nature Communications.

“Similar to members of an orchestra who follow a common beat, the activity of nerve cells appears to be linked to electrical oscillations in the brain, occurring one to ten times per second. The cells prefer to fire at specific times within these brain waves, a phenomenon known as theta-phase locking,” says first author and postdoctoral researcher at the University of Bonn, Dr. Tim Guth, who recently joined the Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience group at the UKB from the Medical Center—University of Freiburg.

The research team led by Guth and Lukas Kunz found that the interaction between nerve cells and brain waves is active in both the learning and remembering of new information—specifically in the medial temporal lobe, a central area for human memory. However, in the study on spatial memory, the strength of theta-phase locking of nerve cells during memory formation was independent of whether the test subjects were later able to correctly recall the memory content.

Among the many wonders of the brain is its ability to master learned movements—a dance step, piano sonata, or tying our shoes—acquired through trial-and-error practice. For decades, neuroscientists have known that these tasks require a cluster of brain areas known as the basal ganglia.

According to a new study led by Harvard researchers in Nature Neuroscience, this so-called “learning machine” speaks in two different codes—one for recently-acquired learned movements and another for innate “natural” behaviors. These surprising findings from lab rats may shed light on human movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease.

“When we compared the codes across these two behavioral domains, we found that they were very different,” said Bence Ölveczky, professor of organismic and evolutionary biology (OEB).

A groundbreaking study reveals that reshaping nuclear speckles — tiny structures inside cell nuclei that regulate protein maintenance — could be a novel way to treat proteinopathies like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and prion diseases.

Scientists find new compound that could reverse memory loss in mice

New research from the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King’s College London in partnership with the Mayo Clinic and UNEEG medical, has found that an electronic device placed under the scalp is an effective and feasible means of accurately tracking epilepsy.

In their study, published in Epilepsia, researchers demonstrated that seizures can be tracked in the home environment, giving clinicians access to data that could have a dramatic impact on the way in which epilepsy is treated in the future.

Tracking epileptic seizures over time is challenging and relies upon a person keeping a subjective diary. It is an unreliable format, as people with epilepsy can experience seizures without realizing it, due to impairment of consciousness and memory loss, or might misinterpret several symptoms as seizures when they are not. This is particularly important for those with treatment resistant epilepsy, who have ongoing seizures despite treatment with anti-seizure medication—known to occur in around a third of people with epilepsy.

A newly identified brain receptor could supercharge immune cells to fight Alzheimer’s and protect memory.

Research led by Rutgers suggests there could be significant new possibilities for treating neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries.

Researchers have uncovered how a specific protein supports the stability of connections between brain cells, which are essential for learning and memory.

According to the scientists, their findings, published in the journal Science Advances.