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Category: neuroscience – Page 19

Scientists Keep Teaching Life to Play Doom, But Why?

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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about why Doom is used in scientific experiments involving learning.
Links:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.11632
https://corticallabs.com/cl1
• Rats in Doom.
https://theconversation.com/how-scien…
#doom #biology #learning.

0:00 Doom runs on everything.
1:03 Brain organoids and why they are used.
2:50 New breakthrough — a biological computer.
3:50 How cells learns to play Doom.
5:10 Rats and Doom.
6:20 Organoids and engineering problems.
7:00 Implications for biology and information sciences.
9:08 Conclusions.

Enjoy and please subscribe.

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How the universe generates time and space from a single rewriting rule | Stephen Wolfram

Hypergraphs.

We experience only one small slice of the ruliad. What’s the ruliad? Physicist Stephen Wolfram explains.

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❍ Watch Wolfram’s full interview here: • Physics doesn’t explain the universe. Comp…

Is it time for a new ‘theory of everything’?
World-renowned physicist Stephen Wolfram explains his theory that the universe may be built from simple computational rules. He describes space as a giant network made of tiny “atoms of space,” constantly updating in ways that create time, gravity, quantum mechanics, and the laws of physics. He also introduces the ruliad: the space of all possible computations. Ultimately, Wolfram argues that reality may be far more complex than we can see, shaped by both the universe and how we observe it.

Read the full video transcript: https://bigthink.com/videos/objective…

Continue reading “How the universe generates time and space from a single rewriting rule | Stephen Wolfram” | >

Evidence from formal logical reasoning reveals that the language of thought is not natural language

Humans are endowed with a powerful capacity for inductive and deductive logical thought: we easily form generalizations based on a few examples and draw conclusions from known premises. Humans also arguably have the most sophisticated communication system in the animal kingdom: natural language allows us to express complex and structured meanings. Some have therefore argued for a tight relationship between complex thought and language, postulating that reasoning, including logical reasoning, relies on linguistic representations. We systematically investigated the relationship between logical reasoning and language using two complementary approaches. First, we used noninvasive brain imaging (fMRI) to examine neural activity as healthy adults engaged in logical reasoning tasks.

The GutBrainMuscle Axis: Microbial Regulation of Neuromuscular Aging and Cognitive Frailty

Cognitive frailty, characterized by the coexistence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, has emerged as a major challenge in aging populations and is closely linked to sarcopenia, neurodegeneration, and chronic inflammation. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota acts as a central regulator of neuromuscular and neurocognitive aging through the integrated gut–brain–muscle axis. This review highlights how microbial dysbiosis, reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, systemic endotoxemia, and altered microbial metabolites contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, anabolic resistance, and impaired neuroplasticity.

Imaging assessment of immunotherapy in pediatric brain tumors

Immunotherapy is a rapidly evolving field in pediatric neuro-oncology, using diverse strategies to enhance or initiate an antitumor immune response. Its use has expanded from hematologic malignancies to solid central nervous system (CNS) tumors, creating new diagnostic challenges in neuroimaging, particularly in children.

The aim of this review is to summarize current immunotherapeutic strategies for pediatric solid CNS tumors and to discuss their characteristic imaging findings and response patterns, with emphasis on pitfalls in differentiating true progression from treatment‑related inflammatory changes.

Across different immunotherapeutic approaches, a major challenge is distinguishing tumor progression from pseudoprogression, immune‑related flare phenomena, and neurotoxicity. Multiparametric imaging combining advanced MRI techniques and metabolic imaging may improve diagnostic specificity; however, validation in children is limited, and existing response frameworks such as iRANO and RAPNO do not specifically address immunotherapy‑related imaging patterns in the pediatric population.

Blood-based test can predict risk of developing symptoms of Alzheimer’s up to a decade early

A blood test for the biomarker phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217) recently received federal clearance, but questions have emerged about the extent to which such tests can accurately predict whether a cognitively healthy individual will develop cognitive impairment—a key symptom of Alzheimer’s disease.

A new international study involving researchers across three continents and led by experts from the Mass General Brigham Neuroscience Institute sheds new light on the prognostic value of such tests.

The study found that cognitively unimpaired individuals with very high levels of the biomarker had a 38% absolute risk of developing cognitive impairment over the next five years and a 78% risk over the next 10 years.

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