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Category: biotech/medical – Page 18

Airborne tuberculosis bacteria may mutate as they dry, revealing a target to curb drug resistance

Tuberculosis bacteria released into the air from infected individuals dry out to form infectious particles that are second only to measles in contagiousness. Weill Cornell Medicine investigators have discovered specific mechanisms that enable the bacteria not only to survive drying but also to generate mutations linked to antibiotic resistance. This suggests that transmission involves more than the passive movement of bacteria between people and may be a period during which the pathogen evolves.

Tuberculosis, a lung infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb), affects nearly 11 million people and causes roughly 1.2 million deaths globally each year.

The study, published in Nature Microbiology, demonstrated that desiccation specifically elicited a DNA repair response that both promoted Mtb’s survival and increased the appearance of mutations that made the bacteria resistant to the antibiotic rifampin.

A startup claims it’s found a drug to make your blood young

The Conboys are back in the news. What they did before needed a blood transfusion to filter out blood factors and replace a part of your blood with saline solution and a protein called albumin. Now they say a drug combo can do the same thing and are going to a 100 person study.

Generation Lab claims its drug combo can “stop the spread of aging” around the body. And it’s looking for influencers to give it a try.

Amino acid metabolism rewiring leads to hormone therapy resistance in prostate cancer

Prostate tumors can rewire amino acid metabolism to override the normal brakes on cholesterol production, a process that may fuel hormone therapy resistance, according to a new study.

The preclinical study, published in Nature Metabolism, revealed that a compound called propionyl-CoA, produced by the breakdown of amino acids isoleucine and valine during normal energy metabolism, acts as a signal that switches on cholesterol production. This helps prostate cancer cells adapt to the hormone-deprived conditions resulting from treatment and acquire more aggressive features.

By revealing this previously unrecognized connection, the study identified a potential weakness in prostate cancer that could be targeted with new drugs or, pending clinical testing, dietary strategies that reduce levels of isoleucine and valine. These essential amino acids are abundant in protein-rich foods such as meat, fish and dairy products.

TRANQUILITY: Sustained Reductions in Inflammatory Markers in CKD Patients With Pacibekitug

Pacibekitug, a novel, long-acting monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-6, produced sustained reductions in inflammatory markers in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and at high inflammatory risk, with no clear dose-related safety signals identified, based on findings from the TRANQUILITY study presented at ESC Congress 2026.

Researchers for the phase II study conducted at 49 centers in the U.S., randomized (1:1:1:1) at total of 143 patients with stage 3–4 CKD and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to receive subcutaneous pacibekitug at doses of 25 mg every 90 days; 50 mg every 90 days; 15 mg every 30 days; or placebo for six months. The mean age of study participants was 69 years and 64% were women. Roughly 70% were on statins and 60% had diabetes.

Overall results showed pacibekitug treatment resulted in dose-dependent decreases in hs-CRP by day 30, which were sustained through day 180. Deepak Bhatt, MD, MPH, MBA, FACC, from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York, reported that median time-averaged change from baseline in hs-CRP through day 180 was +7% with placebo; −76% with pacibekitug 25 mg every 90 days; −85% with pacibekitug 50 mg every 90 days; and −89% with pacibekitug 15 mg every 30 days (all p0.0001 vs. placebo).

REACT: Use of Imaging to Detect Silent Atherosclerosis in Early Adulthood

Silent atherosclerosis is detectable using imaging in early adulthood, with age-and sex-associated increases in prevalence across arterial territories and significant increases in plaque volume, based on results from the REACT trial presented at ESC Congress 2026 and simultaneously published in NEJM. The findings suggest the use of imaging from early adulthood “may provide an opportunity to improve primary prevention strategies and reduce the substantial burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,” researchers said.

REACT enrolled nearly 17,000 adults without known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (mean age 45; 51% women) from Denmark and Spain and placed them in five prespecified age strata that included a balanced number of men and women. Three-dimensional vascular ultrasonography of the carotid and femoral arteries, as well as coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA), were used to asses silent atherosclerosis at baseline.

Overall findings showed silent atherosclerosis was present in 57% of all the participants. Broken down by age, atherosclerosis was present in nearly 9% of men and 7% of women in the youngest age stratum (18 to 29 years), with prevalence increasing with age. Approximately 9 out of 10 individuals between the ages of 60 and 70 had atherosclerosis, researchers said.

A Google-like search engine for single-cell RNA data could answer previously impossible questions

Imagine doctors could understand exactly which cells caused a patient’s cancer or whether pathogens contributed to the disease. They could then use the information to tailor a treatment plan to the patient’s specific cancer. But answering such questions would mean wading through data from thousands of experiments locked in massive databases around the globe. Moreover, the search would take at least several days.

Now, researchers at the Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology of the Max Delbrück Center (MDC-BIMSB) present a search engine that radically simplifies such tasks: “Malva.” It is the first platform that can quickly sort through massive single-cell data using sequence information only, explains Daniel León-Periñán, first author of the study in Nature. León-Periñán is a doctoral student in the Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements lab of Dr. Nikolaus Rajewsky, director of MDC-BIMSB.

“Like Google did for the internet 30 years ago, Malva allows scientists and AI tools to search across millions of cells in seconds—without downloading huge files, needing a reference genome or having deep computational expertise,” adds Rajewsky, senior author of the paper. “Malva transforms static transcriptomic atlases into dynamic resources, which will further our understanding of RNA biology. It could also be transformative in helping researchers understand how health slides into disease or how and which cells respond to specific medical treatments.”

Mouthtogut microbial transmission signatures enable robust, noninvasive diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers

Jang et al. show that disruption of oral-gut microbial compartmentalization characterizes gastrointestinal cancers. By quantifying mouth-to-feces microbial transmission, they identify robust diagnostic signatures that accurately classify gastric and colorectal cancers across seven independent cohorts, highlighting a new non-invasive framework for microbiome-based cancer detection.

Immunosuppressive myeloid cells induce mesenchymallike breast cancer stem cells by a membranebound TGFβ1dependent mechanism

Boyer, Blaye et al. show that CD52-expressing immunosuppressive myeloid cells can shape breast tumor plasticity beyond immune evasion. They show that this myeloid subset delivers membrane-bound TGF-β1 via cell contact to generate mesenchymal-like cancer stem cells in luminal breast cancer, and TGF-β blockade prevents this stemness program.

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