Mitochondria regenerate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation. This process is carried out by five membrane-bound complexes collectively known as the respiratory chain, working in concert to transfer electrons and pump protons…
Category: biotech/medical – Page 11
Over the past few decades, breakthroughs in cancer biology at the molecular level have revolutionised cancer treatment. Enhanced precision in radiotherapy has not only reduced patient side-effects, but also enabled the delivery of high-dose stereotactic extracranial irradiation with unprecedented accuracy. Simultaneously, the number of medical therapies available for clinical care continues to grow. Despite the progress made with combined chemoradiotherapy, only a few drug–radiotherapy combinations have received clinical approval, leaving a vast landscape of untapped opportunities for basic, translational, and clinical research, particularly in early-phase drug–radiotherapy trials.
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Chromatin remodeling plays a vital role in gene regulation, affecting how DNA is accessed. Disruptions in this process can also lead to cancer and other diseases.
To better understand how chromatin remodeling works, scientists at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital used cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to obtain fine structural details of a human chromatin remodeler in action.
The researchers captured 13 structures that together offer a comprehensive view of how the remodeling enzyme SNF2H works, offering insights that are likely shared across other such enzymes. The work was published today in Cell Research.
Polymer-coated nanoparticles loaded with therapeutic drugs show significant promise for cancer treatment, including ovarian cancer. These particles can be targeted directly to tumors, where they release their payload while avoiding many of the side effects of traditional chemotherapy.
Over the past decade, MIT Institute Professor Paula Hammond and her students have created a variety of these particles using a technique known as layer-by-layer assembly. They’ve shown that the particles can effectively combat cancer in mouse studies.
To help move these nanoparticles closer to human use, the researchers have now come up with a manufacturing technique that allows them to generate larger quantities of the particles, in a fraction of the time.
Differences in the distribution of certain proteins and markers in the brain may explain why some people first experience vision changes instead of memory loss in Alzheimer’s disease, finds a new study by UCL researchers.
Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a rare form of Alzheimer’s disease that, rather than causing problems with memory, leads to difficulties with reading, navigating, and recognizing objects. Studies suggest that one in 10 patients with Alzheimer’s disease has a form which is visual, rather than memory-led.
As well as presenting with unusual symptoms, individuals with PCA typically develop symptoms younger than most people with Alzheimer’s disease, with onset usually in their 50s and 60s.
A breakthrough in imaging technology promises to transform our understanding of the inner workings of living cells, and provide insights into a wide range of diseases.
The study, recently published in the journal Nature Communications, unveils an innovative approach that combines super-resolution imaging with artificial intelligence and deep learning to reveal subcellular structures and dynamics. It was led by researchers from Peking University, Ningbo Eastern Institute of Technology and the University of Technology Sydney.
“It’s like taking an airplane over a city at night and watching all the live interactions,” said UTS Distinguished Professor Dayong Jin. “This cutting-edge technology will open new doors in the quest to understand the intricate world within our cells.”
Using a natural experiment that avoids common bias concerns, this study finds that the live-attenuated shingles vaccine reduced the probability of a new dementia diagnosis within a follow-up period of 7 years by approximately one-fifth.
Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft, shares the groundbreaking potential of AI Copilot — a powerful tool that’s transforming how we work. From streamlining everyday tasks to revolutionizing healthcare workflows, AI Copilot is designed to seamlessly integrate with the tools we already use, like Teams, Word, and Excel.
Satya Nadella explains how AI Copilot is helping doctors prepare for high-stakes meetings, automatically generating agendas, summaries, and even PowerPoint presentations. Plus, see how it empowers professionals to gather the latest insights, collaborate with teams, and create smarter workflows with ease.
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Brigham and Women’s Hospital-led research reports no significant long-term benefit of cocoa flavanol supplementation in preventing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The paper is published in the journal JAMA Ophthalmology.
AMD is a progressive retinal disease and the most common cause of severe vision loss in adults over age 50. AMD damages the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. While peripheral sight is typically preserved, central vision loss can impair reading, driving, facial recognition, and other quality of life tasks. Abnormalities of blood flow in the eye are associated with the occurrence of AMD.
Cocoa flavanols are a group of naturally occurring plant compounds classified as flavonoids, found primarily in the cocoa bean. These bioactive compounds have been studied for their vascular effects, including improved endothelial function and enhanced nitric oxide production, which contribute to vasodilation and circulatory health. Previous trials have shown that moderate intake of cocoa flavanols may lower blood pressure, improve lipid profiles, and reduce markers of inflammation, suggesting a role in mitigating cardiovascular and related vascular conditions.