A prostaglandin prevents macrophages from clearing toxic neutrophils in aging organs
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Applying the CHEST Guidelines for Management of Central Airway Obstruction
Application of guidelines to the day-to-day clinical practice of clinicians is not always straightforward. Guidelines often provide a structure to the thought process demanded during clinical decision-making, which requires the application of evidence as best suited for each individual patient. These guidelines provide recommendations and suggestions, and the weight of these recommendations relies heavily on the quality of evidence and the vote of experts in the field, when evidence is lacking or insufficient.
Astronomers finally measure the full size of the largest known galaxy
Researchers have obtained the deepest images ever taken of IC 1101, allowing them to identify the galaxy’s outer edge for the first time. The observations confirm it as the largest known galaxy, spanning roughly 520 kiloparsecs, or about 1.7 million light-years, and containing an estimated 3.4 trillion solar masses in stars. The paper was posted to the arXiv preprint server on July 16.
JCI Perm1 enhances Nrf2driven antioxidant defense through Keap1 oxidation during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
2Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
3Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Academic Group Think and Peer Review Journals
The contemporary university system faces an unprecedented crisis of epistemic legitimacy. While empirical and vocational disciplines (such as clinical medicine, structural engineering, and applied physics) remain constrained by real-world falsifiability and physical safety, non-rigorous, non-vocational fields—predominantly spanning theoretical humanities and speculative social sciences—have descended into self-referential group-think. This paper argues that the legacy model of peer-reviewed, paywalled academic journals in these non-empirical fields is economically extractive, intellectually calcified, and functionally obsolete in the era of artificial intelligence. Through an examination of institutional incentive structures, the performative jargon of soft disciplines, and the democratizing force of generative AI, we show how legacy publishing cartels protect ideological conformity rather than academic rigor.
A New Kind of HIV Pill Just Passed Its First Test in Humans
Scientists have just announced the results from the first clinical trial in people with HIV-1 of a new antiretroviral drug, which suggests it could be a very useful new tool in treating the virus.
The drug is currently known as ‘VH-499’ (that’s short for VH4011499), and it works by inhibiting the virus’s capsid protein, without which HIV cannot proliferate to harmful or transmissible levels.
“Advancements in care and prevention have transformed HIV-1 into a manageable chronic condition and reduced transmission rates,” write clinical pharmacologist Rulan Griesel and team in a paper announcing the clinical trial results.