Database confirms that overlooked segments of the genome code for a multitude of tiny proteins
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Copenhagen interpretation
Other articles where Copenhagen interpretation is discussed: Solvay Conferences: …be known as the “Copenhagen interpretation” of quantum mechanics, which postulated that the indeterminacy in the theory (i.e., that only the probability of a result could be predicted) was fundamental and should be accepted by scientists. There was no underlying deterministic order to be found. Some physicists, most notably…
Temporal superposition and feature geometry of RNNs under memory demands
Abstract: Understanding how populations of neurons represent information is a central challenge across machine learning and neuroscience. Recent work in both fields has begun to characterize the representational geometry and functionality underlying complex distributed activity. For example, artificial neural networks trained on data with more features than neurons compress data by representing features non-orthogonally in so-called *superposition*. However, the effect of time (or memory), an additional capacity-constraining pressure, on underlying representational geometry in recurrent models is not well understood. Here, we study how memory demands affect representational geometry in recurrent neural networks (RNNs), introducing the concept of temporal superposition. We develop a theoretical framework in RNNs with linear recurrence trained on a delayed serial recall task to better understand how properties of the data, task demands, and network dimensionality lead to different representational strategies, and show that these insights generalize to nonlinear RNNs. Through this, we identify an effectively linear, dense regime and a sparse regime where RNNs utilize an interference-free space, characterized by a phase transition in the angular distribution of features and decrease in spectral radius. Finally, we analyze the interaction of spatial and temporal superposition to observe how RNNs mediate different representational tradeoffs. Overall, our work offers a mechanistic, geometric explanation of representational strategies RNNs learn, how they depend on capacity and task demands, and why.
Supplementary Material: zip
Primary Area: interpretability and explainable AI.
SpaceX files for $55 billion semiconductor fab in rural Texas for Musk’s Terafab — total chipmaking fab investment could reach $119 billion
SpaceX has filed a property tax abatement application in Grimes County, Texas, for a semiconductor fab that would cost $55 billion in its initial phases and up to $119 billion if all planned expansions are completed.
The filing, posted on the county government’s website ahead of a public hearing scheduled for June 3, describes the project as a “multi-phase, next-generation, vertically integrated semiconductor manufacturing and advanced computing fabrication facility” to be built at the Gibbons Creek Reservoir site, roughly 90 miles northeast of Austin.
The capital figures in this filing far exceed what was disclosed when Elon Musk announced Terafab in March, where the project carried a $20 billion price tag. Musk later confirmed during Tesla’s earnings call that SpaceX would handle high-volume chip manufacturing while Tesla operates a smaller R&D pilot line at its Austin campus. The Grimes County filing appears to be SpaceX’s first formal step toward securing a site for that production facility.
Movement Triggers a Hidden ‘Brain Cleaning’ Mechanism, Study Shows
We already know that moving your body is important for brain health, but a new study reveals a possible reason why: It could be triggering a kind of hydraulic pump that flushes out fluid in the brain.
By studying mice and conducting simulations, researchers at the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) have found that movements in the abdominal muscles can ripple all the way up to the brain, potentially cleaning out waste materials that build up during the day.
It’s tangible evidence that what goes on in our brains and our bodies isn’t so separate after all, and a good reminder to get that body moving, in whatever way works for you, throughout the day.
Artificial intelligence accelerates discovery of next-generation disinfectants
Chemists and computer scientists tapped AI to find new disinfectants to combat the growing threat of dangerous “superbugs.”
The Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling published their computational-experimental framework for developing quaternary ammonium compounds, or QACs, to kill bacteria.
The method yielded 11 new QACs that show activity against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
Hologram technology where ‘light becomes the key’ enables hard-to-copy security
A new type of hologram technology has been developed that uses the motion of light as a key, revealing information only under specific conditions. This is gaining attention as a novel approach that can simultaneously overcome the limitations of existing optical communication and security technologies.