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Category: physics – Page 7

A 4km Drive That Changed Physics: The First Antimatter Transport

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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about the first ever antimatter transportation using a truck
Links:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s4158… #science #cern.

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Is Our Model of Dark Energy WRONG? | New 4.2σ Results

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The biggest news in cosmology in recent years is that the mysterious universe-accelerating entity we call dark energy may be fading away. The evidence for this is now strong enough that enormous effort is going into confirming this result. So what’s it going to take, and when are we going to know?

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What If Time Isn’t Linear? Exploring the Universe’s Most Baffling Concept

You are used to thinking of time as a straight line: past behind you, present under your feet, and future stretching endlessly ahead. Clocks tick, calendars flip, and your life seems to march forward in one clean direction. But when you start looking closely at what physics and philosophy actually say about time, that simple picture starts to wobble in surprising and sometimes unsettling ways.

Once you let go of the idea that time must be linear, a whole new universe of possibilities opens up. You begin to wonder whether the past is really gone, whether the future might already exist, and whether your sense of “now” is just a useful illusion. In this article, you’ll explore some of the strangest, most well-supported ideas about time from modern science, and you’ll see how they quietly challenge your everyday experience without requiring you to believe in magic.

If you pause and ask yourself what “now” actually is, you probably feel like the answer is obvious: it’s the present moment you’re living in. But when you compare your “now” with someone else’s “now” far away, the certainty starts to crack. Relativity theory tells you that what counts as “simultaneous” events depends on how you’re moving, so two observers in different states of motion won’t agree on what is happening at the same time.

Tokamak regime sustains stable fusion plasma for one minute while easing heat loads

For the first time, a research team has demonstrated, in a metal-wall environment, a plasma regime that simultaneously achieves partial divertor detachment, an edge-localized-mode (ELM)-free high-confinement mode (H-mode), and high pedestal performance. This integrated regime was sustained on a minute scale and the work is published in Physical Review Letters.

The team was led by Professor Xu Guosheng from the Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Controllable nuclear fusion requires managing extreme heat loads on divertor plates while maintaining plasma stability. While impurity gases can reduce divertor heat through detachment, excessive cooling can damage the plasma edge, and H-mode plasmas are prone to sudden, damaging ELMs. Achieving a steady-state regime that addresses both challenges has been a major international goal.

Netta Engelhardt: Puzzles in the Black Hole Interior: Past, Present and Future (April 22, 2026)

In this Presidential Lecture, Netta Engelhardt will (metaphorically!) dive straight into the black hole interior to explain the origin of this puzzle and its significance in modern physics. The lecture will then turn to the recent revolution in physicists’ understanding of the black hole information paradox and the current state of the resolution. She will conclude with a discussion of where these new insights may lead, what questions remain outstanding and how this may all fit into the universe at large.

Astronomers Find the Edge of the Milky Way’s Star-Forming Disc

Where exactly is the edge of the Milky Way? That question is harder to answer than one might expect. Since we’re inside of the galaxy itself, it’s obviously hard to judge the “edge” to begin with. But it gets even more complicated when defining what the edge even is — the galaxy simply gets less dense the farther away from the center it goes. A new paper by researchers originally at the University of Malta thinks they have an answer though. The “edge” can be defined as the star-forming region, and in their paper, published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, they very clearly show that “edge” to be between 11.28 and 12.15 kiloparsecs (or about 40,000 light years) from the center.

Even finding that edge was no easy task, though. The researchers had to analyze the ages of over 100,000 giant stars from the data of several different surveys, including APOGEE-DR17, LAMOST-DR3 and Gaia. In the data they found an interesting story about the evolution of the position of stars in the galaxy, and their age.

That relationship can be thought of as a U curve. In this case, the Y axis is age, and the X axis is the distance from the galaxy’s center. A picture (or graph in this case) is worth a thousand words, but in words that simply means that stars closer to the center of the galaxy are older, and get progressively younger out to a certain point, and then start getting older again. That “certain point”, according to the authors, is the end of the galaxy’s star-forming region, and hence, the “edge” of the galaxy.

The Space Habitat Diaspora — Humanity Spreads Without Planets

Humanity may not colonize planets—we may build our own worlds. Explore how rotating space habitats could spread across the Solar System and beyond, forming a vast diaspora of artificial worlds that reshape civilization and interstellar expansion.

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Watch my exclusive video Settling Saturn’s Rings: https://nebula.tv/videos/isaacarthur–… SFIA Merchandise: https://isaac-arthur-shop.fourthwall… 🌐 Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net ❤️ Support us on Patreon: / isaacarthur ⭐ Support us on Subscribestar: https://www.subscribestar.com/isaac-a… 👥 Facebook Group: / 1,583,992,725,237,264 📣 Reddit Community: / isaacarthur 🐦 Follow on Twitter / X: / isaac_a_arthur 💬 SFIA Discord Server: / discord Credits: The Space Habitat Diaspora – Humanity Spreads Without Planets Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur Graphics from Bryan Versteeg, Jeremy Jozwik, Sergio Botero, Udo Schroeter Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images 0:00 Intro — Rethinking What a World Can Be 2:37 Why Habitats Win on Physics, Engineering… and Scalability 10:13 The Birth of a Habitat Civilization 14:54 Nebula 15:54 Life Without Planets: Cultures That Grow in Steel Valleys 18:59 Resilience: Fragile Shells, Immortal Civilizations 21:37 The True Diaspora: Leaving the Solar System.

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Credits:
The Space Habitat Diaspora – Humanity Spreads Without Planets.
Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur.
Graphics from Bryan Versteeg, Jeremy Jozwik, Sergio Botero, Udo Schroeter.
Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images.

0:00 Intro — Rethinking What a World Can Be.
2:37 Why Habitats Win on Physics, Engineering… and Scalability.
10:13 The Birth of a Habitat Civilization.
14:54 Nebula.
15:54 Life Without Planets: Cultures That Grow in Steel Valleys.
18:59 Resilience: Fragile Shells, Immortal Civilizations.
21:37 The True Diaspora: Leaving the Solar System.

Breaking connections helps ideas spread farther, says physics-based study

Sticking with the same people might feel safe and comfortable. But a new Northwestern University study suggests it can actually trap new ideas and behaviors inside tight echo chambers. By contrast, the research, published in Communications Physics, shows that when interactions shift away from familiar contacts—and toward new ones—activity can spread more widely.

To explore how activities spread across networks, physicists developed a new theoretical framework that includes simple “learning” rules. While traditional network models assume relationships do not change, the new model shows what happens when connections change with experience. As interactions strengthen or weaken relationships, they gradually reshape the entire network.

The findings apply not only to ideas moving through social networks but to a wide range of systems where activity spreads, including infections passing among people, signals traveling through the brain and behaviors proliferating through groups of animals. Ultimately, the study suggests that whether something spreads or stalls may hinge on a simple choice: revisit the same connections or explore new ones.

Neural network speeds tuning of attosecond light pulses for physics experiments

Researchers from Skoltech and the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics have developed an approach that helps optimize the parameters of a laser-plasma source of attosecond pulses—ultrashort flashes of light used in physics experiments. Instead of relying on a large number of time-consuming calculations, the team trained a neural network to quickly identify promising settings and thereby speed up the optimization of the sophisticated laboratory equipment.

The results were published in Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation.

Attosecond pulse sources are used as research tools. They are applied in ultrafast spectroscopy, studies of magnetic materials, chiral molecules, and electron dynamics in matter. The goal of this work is to make it faster to tune a light source with the required properties for such experiments.

Self-regulating process governs cosmic order inside star clusters

A team of astrophysicists from Nanjing University and University of Bonn have demonstrated that, rather than being random, the mass of new stars born inside a star cluster is actually governed by a defined process of self-regulation. Their work has been published in the journal Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics.

When a galaxy welcomes new stars, they are usually formed in star clusters inside vast gas clouds. While some of these stars inside such clusters are small, cool and dim, others possess 10 times the mass of our sun and a hundred thousand times higher brightness—but also a shorter lifespan as a result. These differences in initial mass have a significant influence on a galaxy’s luminosity.

“The total mass of a dwarf galaxy is relatively low, so it won’t produce any extremely massive stars that’d be brighter than our sun,” explains Professor Pavel Kroupa from the Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics at the University of Bonn. “By contrast, very massive elliptical galaxies, which formed almost 10 billion stars in just 10 million years during the early stage of the universe, generate millions of these ultra-bright stars.”

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