Science today stands at a crossroads: will its progress be driven by human minds or by the machines that weโve created?
Category: neuroscience – Page 727
How โDormantโ Cells In The Aging Brain Contribute To Cognitive Decline
The Neuro-Network.
๐๐จ๐ฐ โ๐๐จ๐ซ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญโ ๐๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฌ ๐๐ง ๐๐ก๐ ๐๐ ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐ซ๐๐ข๐ง ๐๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ญ๐ ๐๐จ ๐๐จ๐ ๐ง๐ข๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐ ๐๐๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ง๐
๐พ๐ค๐๐ฃ๐๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐ ๐๐๐๐ก๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐ค๐ง๐๐๐ฉ๐ฉ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐ฉ๐๐๐ฃ๐๐จ ๐๐จ ๐ฌ๐ ๐๐๐ฉ ๐ค๐ก๐๐๐ง ๐๐จ ๐๐ก๐ข๐ค๐จ๐ฉ ๐ ๐ง๐๐๐๐ฉ ๐ค๐ ๐ฅ๐๐จ๐จ๐๐๐. ๐ผ๐ก๐กโฆ See more.
Cellular senescence is a state where cells get stuck in a particular phase of their cell cycle, which can affect physiological function. In the brain this effect can block neuroregeneration. Clearing them may reverse certain aspects of cognitive decline associated with aging, including memory loss.
The Future Of Medicine: Fighting Deadly Diseases With Smart Devices And Digital Biomarkers
What are biomarkers? They are medical signals that can measure health in an accurate and reproducible way. Common examples include blood pressure readings, heart rate, and even genetic test results.
Modern digital devices measure several health parameters. Fitbit trackers use sensors such as accelerometers to tell how many steps weโve taken in a day or how fast weโve been walking. When can such novel health measures function as medical biomarkers?
The measures must be objective, quantifiable, and reproducible. Additionally, scientific evidence needs to show that the health attribute measured by the device maps consistently and accurately to a clinical outcome. For example, voice signals from a smartphoneโs microphone can detect mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimerโs disease. World War II, commanders and troops communicated using hand-sent Morse codes. To avoid capture by enemies, telegraph operators had to remain anonymous. Any clues about operator identity or location could influence battle outcomes.
Neuroscience research suggests a shared mechanism underlies both sleep disturbance and mental disorders
New research published in Human Brain Mapping provides evidence of a shared neural mechanism that underlies sleep disturbance and mental disorders in preadolescents. The findings indicate that sleep disturbance and mental health problems are both related to the connectivity between and within two important brain networks.
โI noticed the importance of sleep years ago when I read several papers about the immediate amyloid protein deposition in the brain after short-term sleep deprivation. Amyloid is neurotoxic waste in the brain and needs to be transported out by cerebrospinal fluid,โ said study author Ze Wang, an associate professor of diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine.
โBut cerebrospinal fluid is basically static most of the time. The best time to have more cerebrospinal fluid and increased flow rate is at night when you lay down and fall asleep. It is this time that our cerebral blood flow reduces. Because our brain has a fixed size, the reduction of cerebral blood flow creates space for cerebrospinal fluid and the inhomogeneous change of blood flow creates power for cerebrospinal fluid to flow and then transport the neural waste out. This is why our brain generates two times as much cerebrospinal fluid at night than daytime.โ
Factory Defect IC Revived With Sandpaper And Microsoldering
We might be amidst a chip shortage, but if you enjoy reverse-engineering, thereโs never a shortage of intriguing old chips to dig into โ and the 2513N 5ร7 character ROM is one such chip. Amidst a long thread probing a few of these (Twitter, ThreadReader link), [TubeTime] has realized that two address lines were shorted inside of the package. A Twitter dopamine-fueled quest for truth has led them to try their hand at making the chip work anyway. Trying to clear the short with an external PSU led to a bond wire popping instead, as evidenced by the ESD diode connection disappearing.
A dozen minutes of sandpaper work resulted in the bare die exposed, making quick work of the bond wires as a side effect. Apparently, having the bond pads a bit too close has resulted in a factory defect where two of the pads merged together. No wonder the PSU wouldnโt take that on! Some X-acto work later, the short was cleared. But without the bond wires, how would [TubeTime] connect to it? This is where the work pictured comes in. Soldering to the remains of the bond wires has proven to be fruitful, reviving the chip enough to continue investigating, even if, it appears, it was never functional to begin with. The thread continued on with comparing ROMs from a few different chips [TubeTime] had on hand and inferences on what couldโve happened that led to this IC going out in the wild.
Such soldering experiments are always fun to try and pull off! We rarely see soldering on such a small scale, as thankfully, itโs not always needed, but itโs a joy to witness when someone does IC or PCB microsurgery to fix factory defects that render our devices inoperable before they were even shipped. Each time that a fellow hacker dares to grind the IC epoxy layers down and save a game console or an unidentified complex board, the world gets a little brighter. And if you arenโt forced to do it for repair reasons, you can always try it in an attempt to build the smallest NES in existence!
Can deep sleep help devastating brain disorders? Scientists studying Parkinsonโs want to find out
๐๐ก๐๐๐ฅ ๐ข๐๐ฎ ๐๐ ๐ค๐ฃ๐ ๐ค๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐ข๐ค๐จ๐ฉ ๐ฅ๐ค๐ฉ๐๐ฃ๐ฉ ๐ข๐๐๐๐๐๐ฃ๐๐จ ๐๐ค๐ง ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐๐ง๐๐๐ฃ, ๐จ๐๐๐๐ฃ๐ฉ๐๐จ๐ฉ๐จ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐จ๐๐ค๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ฃ๐, ๐๐จ ๐ฉ๐๐๐ฎ ๐๐ญ๐ฅ๐ก๐ค๐ง๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐๐ฃ๐ฃ๐๐ง ๐ก๐๐๐ฎ๐ง๐๐ฃ๐ฉ๐๐จ ๐ค๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ง๐๐-๐ฅ๐ค๐ช๐ฃ๐ ๐ค๐ง๐๐๐ฃ ๐๐ช๐ง๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐๐๐ฅ ๐จ๐ก๐๐๐ฅ ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐ง๐๐๐ข ๐๐ฎ๐๐ก๐๐จ ๐๐ฃ ๐๐ค๐ฉ๐ ๐๐๐๐ก๐ฉ๐ ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐๐จ๐๐๐จ๐.
The Neuro-Network.
๐๐๐ง ๐๐๐๐ฉ ๐ฌ๐ฅ๐๐๐ฉ ๐ก๐๐ฅ๐ฉ ๐๐๐ฏ๐๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐ซ๐๐ข๐ง ๐๐ข๐ฌ๐จ๐ซ๐๐๐ซ๐ฌ? ๐๐๐ข๐๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฌ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฎ๐๐ฒ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ค๐ข๐ง๐ฌ๐จ๐งโ๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ
๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ฅ๐ง๐๐จ๐จ:
Sleep may be one of the most potent medicines for the brain, scientists are discovering, as they explore the inner labyrinths of the three-pound organ during deep sleep and dream cycles in both health and disease.
Ray Kurzweil: Your Brain in the Cloud
Watch the newest video from Big Think: https://bigth.ink/NewVideo.
Join Big Think Edge for exclusive videos: https://bigth.ink/Edge.
ABOUT BIG THINK:
Smarter Fasterโข
Big Think is the leading source of expert-driven, actionable, educational content โ with thousands of videos, featuring experts ranging from Bill Clinton to Bill Nye, we help you get smarter, faster. Subscribe to learn from top minds like these daily. Get actionable lessons from the worldโs greatest thinkers & doers. Our experts are either disrupting or leading their respective fields. We aim to help you explore the big ideas and core skills that define knowledge in the 21st century, so you can apply them to the questions and challenges in your own life.
Other Frequent contributors include Michio Kaku & Neil DeGrasse Tyson.
Michio Kaku Playlist: https://bigth.ink/kaku.
Bill Nye Playlist: https://bigth.ink/BillNye.
Neil DeGrasse Tyson Playlist: https://bigth.ink/deGrasseTyson.
Join Big Think Edge, to gain access to a world-class learning platform focused on building the soft skills essential to 21st century success. It features insight from many of the most celebrated and intelligent individuals in the world today. Topics on the platform are focused on: emotional intelligence, digital fluency, health and wellness, critical thinking, creativity, communication, career development, lifelong learning, management, problem solving & self-motivation.
How Lecturers Without Borders Shares The Joy Of Science
If you are a scientist, willing to share your science with curious teens, consider joining Lecturers Without Borders!
Established by three scientists, Luibov Tupikina, Athanasia Nikolau, and Clara Delphin Zemp, and high school teacher Mikhail Khotyakov, Lecturers Without Borders (LeWiBo) is an international volunteer grassroots organization that brings together enthusiastic science researchers and science-minded teens. LeWiBo founders noticed that scientists tend to travel a lot โ for fieldwork, conferences, or lecturing โ and realized scientists could be a great source of knowledge and inspiration to local schools. To this end, they asked scientists to volunteer for talks and workshops. The first lecture, delivered in Nepal in 2017 by two researchers, a mathematician and a climatologist, was a great success. In the next couple of years, LeWiBo volunteers presented at schools in Russia and Belarus; Indonesia and Uganda; India and Nepal. Then, the pandemic forced everything into the digital realm, bringing together scientists and schools across the globe. I met with two of LeWiBoโs co-founders, physicist Athanasia Nikolaou and math teacher Mikhail Khotyakov, as well as their coordinator, Anastasia Mityagina, to talk about their offerings and future plans.
Julia Brodsky: So, how many people volunteer for LeWiBo at this time?
Anastasia Mityagina: We have over 200 scientists in our database. This year alone, volunteers from India, Mozambique, Argentina, the United States, France, Egypt, Israel, Brazil, Ghana, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Botswana, Portugal, Croatia, Malaysia, Spain, Colombia, Italy, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Poland, the United Kingdom, Austria, Albania, Iran, Mexico, Russia, and Serbia joined us. Their areas of expertise vary widely, from informatics, education, and entrepreneurship, to physics, chemistry, space and planetary sciences, biotechnology, oceanography, viral ecology, water treatment, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, astrobiology, neuroscience, and sustainability. We collaborate with hundreds of schools, education centers, and science camps for children in different parts of the world. In addition, our network includes more than 50 educational associations in 48 countries that help us reach out to approximately 8,000 schools worldwide.