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Category: materials – Page 3

New magnetic sensor material discovered using high-throughput experimental method

A NIMS research team has developed a new experimental method capable of rapidly evaluating numerous material compositions by measuring anomalous Hall resistivity 30 times faster than conventional methods. By analyzing the vast amount of data obtained using machine learning and experimentally validating the predictions, the team succeeded in developing a new magnetic sensor material capable of detecting magnetism with much higher sensitivity. This research was published in npj Computational Materials on September 3, 2025.

The anomalous Hall effect is a phenomenon in which a voltage is generated in a magnetic material when an electric current flows through it, appearing in the direction perpendicular to both the current and the material’s magnetization (that is, from the north to the south magnetic pole). By leveraging this property, changes in magnetization can be sensitively detected as electrical signals, making the effect promising for applications such as read heads in next-generation hard disk drives and high-performance magnetic sensors.

Dislocations without crystals: Burgers vectors discovered in glass

For nearly a century, scientists have understood how crystalline materials—such as metals and semiconductors—bend without breaking. Their secret lies in tiny, line-like defects called dislocations, which move through an orderly atomic lattice and carry deformation with them.

At the heart of this theory is a geometric quantity known as the Burgers vector, experimentally observed for the first time in the 1950s, which precisely measures how much the lattice is distorted by a dislocation. This concept became one of the cornerstones of modern materials science.

Glasses, however, have always stood apart. From window glass and polymers to metallic glasses and many soft materials, glasses lack the regular atomic structure of crystals. Their particles are arranged randomly, frozen into disordered atomic configurations.

For the first time in history, scientists capture a rare phenomenon in space: a ‘moon factory’ 625 light-years from Earth

In a quiet control room in northern Chile, a dozen people held their breath at the same time.

The monitors glowed a cold blue, showing a disc of dust and gas 625 light-years away, circling a young star known as PDS 70. At first glance, it looked like so many other protoplanetary disks astronomers have seen before. But then the data sharpened, the patterns cleared, and something jumped out that nobody had *ever* seen so clearly: a place where moons are being born in real time.

The room didn’t erupt in shouts. It was slower than that. A whispered “no way”, a chair rolling back, someone rubbing their forehead like they’d been staring at the sun too long. On the screen, the “moon factory” came into focus: a ring of material around a newborn planet, turning raw space dust into future worlds. Everyone present knew they were staring at a first in human history.

Scientists Invented an Entirely New Way to Refrigerate

Say hello to ionocaloric cooling. It’s a new way to lower temperatures with the potential to replace existing methods of chilling things with a process that is safer and better for the planet.

Typical refrigeration systems transport heat away from a space via a fluid that absorbs heat as it evaporates into a gas, which is then transported through a closed tube and condensed back into a liquid.

As effective as this process is, some of the choice materials we use as refrigerants are particularly unfriendly to the environment.

The Weird Hybrid Material That Could Turbocharge Photonic Computing

Researchers have created gyromorphs, a new material that controls light more effectively than any structure used so far in photonic chips.

These hybrid patterns combine order and disorder in a way that stops light from entering from any angle. The discovery solves major limitations found in quasicrystals and other engineered materials. It may open the door to faster, more efficient light-powered computers.

Light-based computers and the need for better materials.

Researchers pioneer pathway to mechanical intelligence by breaking symmetry in soft composite materials

A research team has developed soft composite systems with highly programmable, asymmetric mechanical responses. By integrating “shear-jamming transitions” into compliant polymeric solids, this innovative work enhances key material functionalities essential for engineering mechano-intelligent systems—a major step toward the development of next-generation smart materials and devices.

The work is published in the journal Nature Materials.

In engineering fields such as soft robotics, synthetic tissues, and flexible electronics, materials that exhibit direction-dependent responses to external stimuli are crucial for realizing intelligent functions.

Intelligent photodetectors ‘sniff and seek’ like retriever dogs to recognize materials directly from light spectra

Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), in collaboration with UC Berkeley, have developed a new type of intelligent image sensor that can perform machine-learning inference during the act of photodetection itself.

Reported in Science, the breakthrough redefines how spectral imaging, machine vision and AI can be integrated within a single semiconductor device.

Traditionally, spectral cameras capture a dense stack of images, each image corresponding to a different wavelength, and then transfer this large dataset to digital processors for computation and scene analysis. This workflow, while powerful, creates a severe bottleneck: the hardware must move and process massive amounts of data, which limits speed, power efficiency, and the achievable spatial–spectral resolution.

Scientists find cancer-fighting isotope hidden in accelerator waste

The photons in a particle accelerator’s beam dump are intense, high-energy radiation byproducts of the main physics experiment.

A team of researchers at the University of York states that this powerful radiation, specifically the photons, can be captured and repurposed. It can be utilized to create materials necessary for cancer treatment.

The target isotope, copper-67, is a highly valuable asset in oncology. The method shows potential for generating this rare isotope, which is used for both diagnosing and treating cancer.

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