Year 2017 😗😁
Pathologists tested the ‘efforts’ of Wim Delvoye’s artwork, which replicates a human digestive system, to raise awareness of bowel cancer screening tests.
Year 2021 😗😁
MIT engineers, in collaboration with scientists at Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, have developed a new way to grow tiny replicas of the pancreas, using either healthy or cancerous pancreatic cells. Their new models could help researchers develop and test potential drugs for pancreatic cancer, which is currently one of the most difficult types of cancer to treat.
Using a specialized gel that mimics the extracellular environment surrounding the pancreas, the researchers were able to grow pancreatic “organoids,” allowing them to study the important interactions between pancreatic tumors and their environment. Unlike some of the gels now used to grow tissue, the new MIT gel is completely synthetic, easy to assemble and can be produced with a consistent composition every time.
Continue reading “Engineers grow pancreatic ‘organoids’ that mimic the real thing” »
Year 2019 😗😁
Hepatology and drug development for liver diseases require in vitro liver models. Typical models include 2D planar primary hepatocytes, hepatocyte spheroids, hepatocyte organoids, and liver-on-a-chip. Liver-on-a-chip has emerged as the mainstream model for drug development because it recapitulates the liver microenvironment and has good assay robustness such as reproducibility. Liver-on-a-chip with human primary cells can potentially correlate clinical testing. Liver-on-a-chip can not only predict drug hepatotoxicity and drug metabolism, but also connect other artificial organs on the chip for a human-on-a-chip, which can reflect the overall effect of a drug. Engineering an effective liver-on-a-chip device requires knowledge of multiple disciplines including chemistry, fluidic mechanics, cell biology, electrics, and optics.
Year 2021
Brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells can model human brain development and disease, though current culture systems fail to ensure reliable production of high-quality organoids. Here the authors combine human brain extracellular matrix and culture in a microfluidic device to promote structural and functional maturation of human brain organoids.
Elon Musk warns of a commercial real estate meltdown as valuations drop. New research shows the extent of that decline.
A U.K. teen with an aggressive form of leukemia is now cancer-free, thanks to a new gene-editing therapy.
The particular therapy used on the patient was only invented six years ago, and it’s now making doctors rethink the way doctors approach the disease.
Continue reading “Revolutionary gene-editing therapy treats girl’s ‘incurable’ cancer” »
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The 2020 Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded to Dr. Jennifer Doudna and Dr. Emmanuelle Charpentier for their work on the gene editing technique known as CRISPR-Cas9. This gives us the ability to change the DNA of any living thing, from plants and animals to humans.
The applications are enormous, from improving farming to curing diseases. A decade or so from now, CRISPR will no doubt be taught in High Schools, and be a basic building block of medicine and agriculture. It is going to change everything.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.10.
Nishiyama et al. “Virus-Mediated Genome Editing via Homology-Directed Repair in Mitotic and Postmitotic Cells in Mammalian Brain.” Neuron (2017). doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.10.
Researchers have for the first time characterised the molecular mechanism of the early stages of programmed cell death or apoptosis, a process which plays a crucial role in the prevention of cancer.
The study, published today (2 June) in Science Advances, was led by Dr Luke Clifton at the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) ISIS Neutron and Muon Source (ISIS) in Oxfordshire. They worked alongside partners at the University of Umea and European Spallation Source in Sweden.
It is the most recent in a series of research collaborations by this team, investigating the cellular proteins responsible for apoptosis.
