Twin Health lets patients with diabetes see what’s happening inside their own body and can model each patient’s unique metabolism.
Denmark: A recent study published in JAMA Network Open has suggested an association between tooth agenesis and specific cancer types, specifically in childhood and early adulthood.
“Our population-based cohort study of 2.5 million live-born singletons with up to 40 years of follow-up showed that tooth agenesis was positively associated with several cancer types, including nephroblastoma, neuroblastoma, and hepatoblastoma in childhood; osteosarcoma in adolescence; and carcinomas of the bladder and colorectal carcinomas in young adulthood,” the researchers reported.
Previous studies have provided some evidence that tooth agenesis (congenital absence of one or more teeth) is associated with cancer risk, particularly carcinomas of the ovaries and colon, but these results are conflicting, and associations have not been evaluated yet in a population-based setting. To fill this knowledge gap, Saga Elise Eiset, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, and colleagues aimed to investigate the association between tooth agenesis and specific cancer types before 40 years of age.
Diabetic medication has garnered popularity within the last few years. It is not necessarily the need for these medications that is associated with its popularity, but a side effect that most individuals desire: weight loss. Since the advent of drugs that promote rapid weight loss such as Ozempic, Mounjaro, and Wegovy, widespread safety concerns are being raised regarding long-term effects and more immediate risks such as complications during surgery.
Ozempic, Mounjaro, and Wegovy are all part of a class of drugs known as semaglutides, which are glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists or GLP1-RAs. GLP1 receptors are expressed on different cells within tissues and organs including the pancreas. GLP1-RAs help the pancreas release insulin and lower blood sugar levels, which makes these medications very helpful for those with diabetes. However, the stomach also has GLP1 receptors. Consequently, it activates these receptors as well and causes the stomach to digest food at a much slower rate. This delayed gastric emptying results in patients feeling full and not eating as much to lose weight. Additionally, previous literature has found that patients on GLP1-RAs have lower risk of adverse cardiovascular effects, such as heart attack. However, there are limitations to this medication associated with surgery.
Surgeons ask patients to fast before a surgery for a myriad of reasons all pertaining to the safety and success of the surgery. One reason includes that under anesthesia any remaining food in the stomach can come up and flow into the trachea leading to a life-threatening condition referred to as “aspiration pneumonitis”. Physicians and scientists are currently working to avoid this event from occurring and are investigating the risk of aspiration pneumonitis in patients.
Recently published study investigated the association between plasma CA-125 levels and post-extubation respiratory failure (PERF) in critically ill patients. A prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital, enrolling patients aged 18 years or older who had received mechanical ventilation (MV) for at least 48 hours. The study found that among the 103 enrolled patients, 44 (51.2%) experienced PERF, with 23 receiving non-invasive ventilation and 16 requiring reintubation within 72 hours. Patients who experienced respiratory failure showed significantly higher median CA-125 values compared to those without respiratory failure. The area under the ROC curve for CA-125 in predicting respiratory failure occurrence was 0.663, and CA-125 levels exceeding 35.0 U/mL were found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of respiratory failure in a logistic regression model. A post-hoc analysis combining CA-125 and lung ultrasound (LUS) scores showed an 81.0% incidence of respiratory failure in patients with elevated CA-125 and LUS scores, while patients with normal CA-125 and LUS scores had a markedly lower incidence of 32.0% for respiratory failure. The study suggests the potential utility of incorporating CA-125 into routine congestion assessments and reveals a potential role for combining CA-125 with LUS scores to evaluate a patient’s risk of developing PERF. The authors concluded that elevated CA-125 levels were associated with a higher incidence of respiratory failure among critically ill patients who were extubated following successful spontaneous breathing trials. The study highlighted the potential application of CA-125 in assessing and predicting respiratory outcomes in critically ill patients, particularly in the context of extubation. The findings hold implications for clinical practice, indicating the need for further research and potential incorporation of CA-125 into routine assessment protocols for critically ill patients in intensive care units.
Reference –
Lombuli, F., Montes, T.H.M. & Boniatti, M.M. Association between CA-125 and post-extubation respiratory failure: a cohort study. Crit Care 28, 31 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-024-04806-5
Use code coolworlds at https://incogni.com/coolworlds to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan. Nuclear weapons are the most terrifying invention of humanity. Could our genius to create such weapons also end them? Today we explore how neutrinos could be used to do just that, fizzling out nukes anywhere on Earth and with no defense. Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping, edited by Jorge Casas. Special thanks to Sam Gregson ( / @badboyofscience) for fact checking. → Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support → Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-wor… Check out our podcast:
/ @coolworldspodcast THANK-YOU to D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O’Brien, P. Muzyka, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, J. Smallbon, B. Reese, J. Yoder, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, M. Pittelli, A. Nimmerjahn & C. Seay. CHAPTERS 0:00 Neutrinos 3:39 Incogni 5:08 Neutrino Factories 9:11 Applications 14:19 My Take 16:17 Outro & Credits #nuclearwar #nuke #coolworlds
The new findings could lead to better treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and other inflammatory diseases – and may even help us slow aging.
Researchers have discovered how “leaky” mitochondria can drive harmful inflammation responsible for diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. Scientists may be able to leverage the findings to develop better treatments for those diseases, improve our ability to fight off viruses and even slow aging.
The new discovery reveals how genetic material can escape from our cellular batteries, known as mitochondria, and prompt the body to launch a damaging immune response. By developing therapies to target this process, doctors may one day be able to stop the harmful inflammation and prevent the toll it takes on our bodies.
A new study provided light on the role of the protein STAP-1 in activating certain immune cells. Understanding STAP-1’s involvement in these cells may help researchers gain a better understanding of immune-related diseases and potential treatments.
Hindustan Times — your fastest source for breaking news! Read now.
The researchers discovered that STAP-1 plays a key role in the activation of T cells, which are white blood cells that help the body defend itself against infections and preserve overall health. T cells are capable of identifying foreign substances that elicit an immune response (antigens) and developing tailored responses to destroy pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
Our gut microbiome has been linked to conditions such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Anthony King reports on the connections.
Two early clinical trials that together included nine patients suggest that a treatment called CAR-T therapy could treat glioblastoma, but its long-term effects are unknown.
According to the CDC, more than 140,000 Americans are dying each year from alcohol-related causes, and the rate of deaths has been rising for years, especially during the pandemic.
The idea: For occasional drinkers, alcohol causes the brain to release more dopamine, a chemical that makes you feel good. Chronic alcohol use, however, causes the brain to produce, and process, less dopamine, and this persistent dopamine deficit has been linked to alcohol relapse.
There is currently no way to reverse the changes in the brain brought about by AUD, but a team of US researchers suspected that an in-development gene therapy for Parkinson’s disease might work as a dopamine-replenishing treatment for alcoholism, too.
