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NEW PAPER — Loss of the Primal Eye in evolution, REM explained as phasic transients, and the emergence of DREAMING in E1 animals. MA dissertation Philosophy, University of Leeds 1995/1996.
There are a number of reasons why dreaming has been, and remains, an important area to philosophy. Dreams are ‘pure’ experiential phenomena not (seemingly) requiring input from the outside world via the special senses. As Aristotle puts it, “If all creatures, when the eyes are closed in sleep, are unable to see, and the analogous statement is true of the other senses, so that manifestly we perceive nothing when asleep; we may conclude that it is not by sense-perception we perceive a dream”. A major part of this dissertation is concerned with issues raised in Owen Flanagan’s (1995) article, Deconstructing Dreams: The Spandrels of Sleep. The Primal Eye/MVT account of consciousness gives p-dreaming a more central explanatory role, and I argue that p-dreams are not epiphenomena in the way Flanagan claims. An important omission from Flanagan’s account is any discussion of important dreaming-related phenomena. I look at lucid dreaming, hypnosis and other mental phenomena in relation to the evolutionary loss of the primal/ median/ parietal eye, and postulate that REM rapid eye movements are ‘phasic transients’ considering the E1 brain which includes the lateral eyes, as a consciousness-producing circuit. A brief account of Primal Eye/ Median Vision Theory is that capacity for abstract/ centrally evoked mentation is a direct result of the evolutionary loss of the primal eye. E2 (earlier hardwired brains with both primal and lateral eyes) have evolved over millions of years into E1 brain circuits analog(ous to infinite-state) types of self-regulating plastic circuits, with no primal/pineal eye, but retaining lateral eyes and the pineal gland. Loss of this ‘lockstep mechanism’ median/primal/ parietal/pineal eye not only allowed new sleeping mental phenomena such as dreaming; but also heralded in new types of waking mental abstraction freed from E2 involuntary primal eye direct (electro-chemical) responses to changes in the physical environment. These include daydreams, visualisation with both lateral eyes closed, self-volition or self-determined choices, and so on.
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Infineon announced that it has succeeded in developing the world’s first 300mm GaN wafer technology for power electronics. This allows for the improvement of efficiency performance, smaller size, lighter weight, and lower overall cost for the chips.
Psychological stress disrupts communication between the brain and gut, reducing protective mucus production in the intestines. This weakens the immune system and makes the body more vulnerable to infections, but probiotics may help restore balance.
Integrating diverse data sources with different formats and standards also presents considerable challenges. Promoting open-source platforms and standardizing data formats are critical for facilitating data exchange within the space industry.
Robbie Robertson, CEO of Sedaro, identifies the main barrier to integrating digital twin technology as a cultural shift rather than technical feasibility. “The most substantial limitation is the change involved in adopting this new approach,” he explains. Overcoming the inertia of legacy tools to build a future-proof system is crucial. Additionally, addressing the shortage of skilled professionals is vital. Collaborations with institutions like MIT’s Aeronautics and Astronautics Department and robust educational initiatives are essential to developing the next generation of engineers and scientists equipped to manage digital twins.
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Can conscious self-awareness be coded in an algorithm? According to distinguished computer scientist Lenore Blum and Turing Award Laureate Manuel Blum the answer is \.
If we don’t understand why we’re conscious, how come we’re so sure that extremely simple minds are not? I propose to think of consciousness as intrinsic to computation, although different types of computation may have very different types of consciousness – some so alien that we can’t imagine them. Since all physical processes are computations, this view amounts to a kind of panpsychism. How we conceptualize consciousness is always a sort of spiritual poetry, but I think this perspective better accounts for why we ourselves are conscious despite not being different in a discontinuous way from the rest of the universe. Introduction ‘don’t hold strong opinions about things you don’t understand’ —Derek Hess Susan Blackmore believes the way we typically […].
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Have we created an operating system for life? How close are we to cloning humans, and what would that even look like?
You’re in for a fascinating episode as the line between science and science fiction gets blurred. My guest is microbiologist and geneticist Andrew Hessel, the CEO and Founder of The Genome Project-Write, and author of \.
How can machine learning help individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D)? This is what a study presented at this year’s Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) hopes to address as a team of researchers have developed a system using machine learning capable of managing blood sugars levels with such proficiency that those using system were able to lead lives far more active than the average T1D patient.
For the study, the researchers developed the AID system, which uses closed-loop technology that delivers insulin based on readings from the machine learning algorithm, resulting in a 50-year-old man, a 40-year-old man, and a 34-year-old woman with T1D being able to run hours-long marathons in Tokyo, Santiago, and Paris, respectively. This study holds the potential to help develop better technology capable of allowing T1D diabetes patients to stay in shape without constantly fearing for their blood sugar levels, which can lead to long-term health problems, including hyperglycemia, nerve damage, or a heart attack.
“Despite better systems for monitoring blood sugars and delivering insulin, maintaining glucose levels in target range during aerobic training and athletic competition is especially difficult,” said Dr. Maria Onetto, who is in the Department of Nutrition at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and lead author of the study. “The use of automated insulin delivery technology is increasing, but exercise continues to be a challenge for individuals with T1D, who can still struggle to reach the recommended blood sugar targets.”
NEW PAPER — Loss of the Primal Eye in evolution, REM explained as phasic transients, and the emergence of DREAMING in E1 animals. MA dissertation Philosophy, University of Leeds 1995/1996.
