Modern life depends on fast and reliable wireless connections. Video calls, streaming services, virtual reality, and smart devices all place growing demands on networks that already serve billions of users. Most wireless data today travels through radio-based technologies such as Wi-Fi and cellular systems.
While these approaches have been highly successful, they face mounting challenges, including crowded radio spectrum, interference in dense indoor spaces, and rising energy consumption as more devices come online.
A promising complementary approach is optical wireless communication, which uses light instead of radio waves to transmit data. Light offers far more bandwidth than radio frequencies, does not interfere with existing wireless systems, and can be directed precisely at specific locations.
“Asking the question of, where did the entire universe come from, is no longer a question for poets and theologians and philosophers. This is a question for scientists, and we have some amazing scientific answers to this question that have defied even the wildest of our expectations.” Subscribe to Big Think on YouTube ► / @bigthink Up next, The mind-blowing circle of life, explained by a biologist ► • The mind-blowing circle of life, explained… Ethan Siegel, theoretical astrophysicist and science communicator, author of the James Webb Space Telescope book, “Infinite Cosmos,” and writer of the science blog, “Starts With A Bang” joins us to explore the cosmic origins of our universe. Read Ethan’s companion article: https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-ba… — Where did the entire universe come from? 0:57 — A question for scientists 1:43 — The quest for the beginning of the universe 2:21 — Hubble’s telescope 4:09 — Extragalactic objects 5:11 — Blueshifted vs redshifted 6:53 — General theory of relativity 7:50 — The cosmic egg 8:26 — The origin of The Big Bang 9:55 — A cosmological constant 14:24 — Scale invariant spectrum 15:13 — Testing for Cosmic Inflation 19:34 — Our cosmic origins 21:03 — Ethan Siegel, kilt influencer Read the video transcript ► https://bigthink.com/series/the-big-t…
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About Ethan Siegel: Ethan Siegel is a Ph.D. astrophysicist and author of “Starts with a Bang!” He is a science communicator, who professes physics and astronomy at various colleges. He has won numerous awards for science writing since 2008 for his blog, including the award for best science blog by the Institute of Physics. His three books “Treknology: The Science of Star Trek from Tricorders to Warp Drive,” “Beyond the Galaxy: How humanity looked beyond our Milky Way and discovered the entire Universe,” and “Infinite Cosmos: Visions From the James Webb Space Telescope” are available for purchase at Amazon. Follow him on X @startswithabang.
What if civilizations outgrow consciousness itself? Explore post-human minds, machine societies, and a future where awareness may no longer be required.
Get Nebula using my link for 50% off an annual subscription: https://go.nebula.tv/isaacarthur. Watch my exclusive video Settling Saturn’s Rings: https://nebula.tv/videos/isaacarthur–… out Vintage Space: https://nebula.tv/videos/thevintagesp… 🛒 SFIA Merchandise: https://isaac-arthur-shop.fourthwall… 🌐 Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net ❤️ Support us on Patreon: / isaacarthur ⭐ Support us on Subscribestar: https://www.subscribestar.com/isaac-a… 👥 Facebook Group: / 1,583,992,725,237,264 📣 Reddit Community: / isaacarthur 🐦 Follow on Twitter / X: / isaac_a_arthur 💬 SFIA Discord Server: / discord Credits: Post-Consciousness Civilizations: Evolving Beyond Human Awareness Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur Edited by: Lukas Konecny Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator Sergey Cheremisinov, “Labyrinth” Chris Zabriskie, “Unfoldment, Revealment”, “A New Day in a New Sector”, “Oxygen Garden” Stellardrone, “Red Giant”, “Billions and Billions“ Check out Vintage Space: https://nebula.tv/videos/thevintagesp…
🛒 SFIA Merchandise: https://isaac-arthur-shop.fourthwall… 🌐 Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net. ❤️ Support us on Patreon: / isaacarthur. ⭐ Support us on Subscribestar: https://www.subscribestar.com/isaac-a… 👥 Facebook Group: / 1583992725237264 📣 Reddit Community: / isaacarthur. 🐦 Follow on Twitter / X: / isaac_a_arthur. 💬 SFIA Discord Server: / discord. Credits: Post-Consciousness Civilizations: Evolving Beyond Human Awareness. Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur. Edited by: Lukas Konecny. Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images. Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator. Sergey Cheremisinov, \
Bone immunity represents a dynamic interface where skeletal homeostasis intersects with systemic immune regulation. We synthesize emerging paradigms by contrasting two functionally distinct microenvironments: the marrow cavity, a hematopoietic and immune cell reservoir, and cancellous bone, a metabolically active hub orchestrating osteoimmune interactions. The marrow cavity not only generates innate and adaptive immune cells but also preserves long-term immune memory through stromal-derived chemokines and survival factors, while cancellous bone regulates bone remodeling via macrophage-osteoclast crosstalk and cytokine gradients. Breakthroughs in lymphatic vasculature identification challenge traditional views, revealing cortical and lymphatic networks in cancellous bone that mediate immune surveillance and pathological processes such as cancer metastasis.
We often think of stress as something that just “gets on our nerves,” but what if it’s actually reshaping our brain — and our long-term health?A recent scientific review published in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy by Juhyun Song (2023) highlights a fascinating and urgent connection between the brain’s emotional hub — the amygdala — and our rising burden of metabolic diseases, dementia, and mental health disorders. This tiny almond-shaped structure deep in our brain does more than generate fear or
A team of astrophysicists from Nanjing University and University of Bonn have demonstrated that, rather than being random, the mass of new stars born inside a star cluster is actually governed by a defined process of self-regulation. Their work has been published in the journal Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics.
When a galaxy welcomes new stars, they are usually formed in star clusters inside vast gas clouds. While some of these stars inside such clusters are small, cool and dim, others possess 10 times the mass of our sun and a hundred thousand times higher brightness—but also a shorter lifespan as a result. These differences in initial mass have a significant influence on a galaxy’s luminosity.
“The total mass of a dwarf galaxy is relatively low, so it won’t produce any extremely massive stars that’d be brighter than our sun,” explains Professor Pavel Kroupa from the Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics at the University of Bonn. “By contrast, very massive elliptical galaxies, which formed almost 10 billion stars in just 10 million years during the early stage of the universe, generate millions of these ultra-bright stars.”
Scientists at EPFL have developed CenSpark, a fluorescent probe that makes centrioles and cilia visible inside living cells, helping researchers study cell division, development, and immunity like never before.
Inside every human cell lies a world of microscopic structures that control movement, division, and communication. Among them are centrioles and cilia, crucial components of cell signaling, motility, and division.
Centrioles organize cellular architecture and guide cell division, while cilia act as sensory and motile antennae. Defects in their formation or function are associated with a wide range of diseases, including ciliopathies and cancer.
💡Check out this Highly Cited Paper: 🧬 by Bai, S. H., et al. (2024). Biomedicines, 12(12), 2910.
📖Read the full text: https://brnw.ch/21x1SkJ 🔍 Key highlights This review explores the role of bile acids in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and highlights their potential as therapeutic targets. It discusses emerging treatments, including bile acid receptor agonists, dietary interventions, probiotics, and stem cell therapies, which may reduce disease activity and improve patient outcomes.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that affects about 7 million people worldwide, and new therapies are needed. Understanding the complex roles that bile acids (BAs) play in IBD may lead to the development of novel IBD treatments independent of direct immunosuppression. This review discusses the latest discoveries in the roles BAs play in IBD pathogenesis and explores how these discoveries offer promising new therapeutic targets to treat IBD and improve patient outcomes. Several therapies discussed include specific BA receptor (BAR) agonists, dietary therapies, supplements, probiotics, and mesenchymal stem cell therapies that have all been shown to decrease IBD disease activity.
A lack of good quality sleep has long been linked to an increased risk of developing dementia, but new research goes further – giving us an optimal amount of overnight slumber to minimize dementia risk later in life.
Using data gathered and pooled from 69 previous studies, a team from York University in Canada ran a statistical analysis to look for associations with dementia for three different factors: physical activity, time spent sitting, and sleep duration.
These are all variables we can control ourselves, up to a point, and the number crunching showed that between 7 and 8 hours of slumber each night was the sweet spot when it came to minimizing dementia risk.
