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Category: neuroscience – Page 73

Association of Interictal Respiratory Variability and Severity of Postictal Hypoxemia After Generalized Convulsive Seizures

In an observational cohort study based on the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities-Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS), the presence of lobar and mixed CMBs was associated with incident dementia. stroke.

BACKGROUND: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are associated with dementia, but the impact of specific microbleed patterns (with distinct pathophysiologies) is unclear. Lobar CMBs commonly result from cerebral amyloid angiopathy (sometimes with cortical superficial siderosis [cSS]), while subcortical microbleeds indicate a hypertensive cause. This study investigates the association of CMB presence, patterns, and frequency with dementia risk. METHODS: Participants from the ARIC-NCS (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities-Neurocognitive Study), a community-based longitudinal cohort, with a 3T research magnetic resonance imaging at visit 5 (2011–2013) without prior intracerebral hemorrhage or dementia, were included. CMB and cSS presence and location were evaluated using a T2 gradient-recalled echo sequence.

Technical Advance alert 🙌

https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.

In this Research article, Benjamin D. Philpot & team establish a multimodal dual-reporter mouse that accelerates AngelmanSyndrome therapeutic development through scalable cell-based screening, high-resolution whole-brain mapping, non-invasive live imaging, and sorting neurons with unsilenced paternal Ube3a.

2Animal Models Core.

3Department of Genetics, and.

4Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Clarifying the conceptual dimensions of representation in neuroscience

Appeals to representation are widespread, despite neuroscientists’ uncertainty about what kind of findings count as evidence for such claims. In this Perspective, Pohl and colleagues develop a unified framework that distinguishes four conceptual dimensions relevant to representation, illustrating them in information-theoretic terms to explicitly characterize representation in neuroscience.

Potential Risks of Blocking GDF15‐Based Brain Energy Sensing

GDF15 signals energetic stress to the brain, leading to unpleasant symptoms as the body conserves and reallocates energy. In conditions such as frailty and cancer, suppression of GDF15 signaling is expected to lead to an improvement in symptoms, but potentially at the cost of long-term health and survival.

Working memory may rely on calcium-tuned synaptic boosts, study suggests

Working memory is a cognitive function that is essential for carrying out everyday activities and temporarily retaining information. This process enables us to understand information, learn and manage responses in a controlled manner—abilities that are often impaired in certain neurodegenerative diseases. Now, a study published in Cell Reports has identified a molecular pathway in the brain that is crucial for the proper functioning of working memory.

The study, conducted using animal models, is led by Francisco José López-Murcia, a professor at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and the Institute of Neurosciences of the University of Barcelona (UBneuro), and a member of the Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). The team led by Professor Nils Brose at the Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences (MPI-NAT, Göttingen, Germany) is also participating in the project.

In utero exposure to NMDA receptor autoantibodies disrupts hippocampal circuit maturation

Majoros, Zhang, and Rahmati et al. identify a link between maternal autoimmunity and disrupted neuronal network development in the hippocampus of mice. In utero exposure to NMDA receptor autoantibodies impairs GABAergic signaling and early network synchrony in neonates, hindering the emergence of continuous hippocampal activity around eye opening.

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