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What took so long for humans to appear on Earth? The Earth is 4.6 billion years old, and life began about 4 billion years ago, yet humans—the only intelligent, technological species we know of in the universe—have existed only for the last 200,000 years. Why didn’t we come sooner? What factor(s) delayed our appearance? And what can life’s timeline here say about the possibility of other technologically advanced lifeforms in the universe?

Inspired by the external skeleton of a spider, the robot leg is more flexible than conventional robots.


A small robot that resembles a spider’s leg has been developed by engineers at the University of Tartu. Inspired by nature, the fingernail-long leg is more flexible than conventional robots.

Its dexterous movements are expected to help people rescued from rubble and other danger zones in the future.

The robot leg modeled after the leg of a cucumber spider was created by researchers from the Institute of Technology of the University of Tartu and the Italian Institute of Technology. In the near future, it’s expected to move where humans cannot.