Posted in biotech/medical, chemistry | Leave a Comment on Transplantation of chemically induced pluripotent stem-derived islets under abdominal anterior rectus sheath in a type 1 diabetes patient
I shared this already. Here it is from Cell reversing diabetes type 1 with stem cells, reducing need for insulin shots.
Chemically induced stem-cell-derived islets were transplanted beneath the abdominal anterior rectus sheath in one patient with type 1 diabetes, resulting in tolerable safety and promising restoration of exogenous-insulin-independent glycemic control at 1-year follow-up.
Researchers have discovered clear chemical traces of decaying collagen in a duck-billed dinosaur fossil, upending previously held notions that any organic material found within such ancient fossils must be from some source of contamination.
“This research shows beyond doubt that organic biomolecules, such as proteins like collagen, appear to be present in some fossils,” says University of Liverpool materials scientist Steve Taylor.
“Our results have far-reaching implications. Firstly, it refutes the hypothesis that any organics found in fossils must result from contamination.”
Scientists at Osaka University have designed a nanogate that opens and closes using electrical signals, offering precise control over ions and molecules.
This tiny innovation has the potential to transform sensing technology, chemical reactions, and even computing. By adjusting voltage, researchers can manipulate the gate’s behavior, making it a versatile tool for cutting-edge applications.
Nanogates: control at the macro and nanoscale.
Constraining the origin of Earth’s building blocks requires knowledge of the chemical and isotopic characteristics of the source region(s) where these materials accreted. The siderophile elements Mo and Ru are well suited to investigating the mass-independent nucleosynthetic (i.e., “genetic”) signatures of material that contributed to the latter stages of Earth’s formation. Studies contrasting the Mo and Ru isotopic compositions of the bulk silicate Earth (BSE) to genetic signatures of meteorites, however, have reported conflicting estimates of the proportions of the non-carbonaceous type or NC (presumptive inner Solar System origin) and carbonaceous chondrite type or CC (presumptive outer Solar System origin) materials delivered to Earth during late-stage accretion (likely including the Moon-forming event and onwards).
The term “nanoscale” refers to dimensions that are measured in nanometers (nm), with one nanometer equaling one-billionth of a meter. This scale encompasses sizes from approximately 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique physical, chemical, and biological properties emerge that are not present in bulk materials. At the nanoscale, materials exhibit phenomena such as quantum effects and increased surface area to volume ratios, which can significantly alter their optical, electrical, and magnetic behaviors. These characteristics make nanoscale materials highly valuable for a wide range of applications, including electronics, medicine, and materials science.
After many years, this venerable technique continues to evolve, yielding many different solutions for exploring atomic-scale landscapes in biology, chemistry, materials and other disciplines.
Artificial intelligence is revolutionising everything from workflows to networking — so how can you bring AI into your research practice?
When synthesizing chemicals, stationary sensors can collect and communicate detailed data from within a reactor system. Physically installed sensors reach their limitations when it comes to mapping concentrations within a fluid flowing through hard-to-reach areas—particularly within long, narrow tubes.
While sensors can be placed on the reactor’s perimeter in an industrial setting, suspending sensors in the center of a pipe would disrupt flow. In a medical application, such as mapping chemical concentrations within the intestines to pinpoint internal bleeding, implanted sensors become impractical.
A new framework optimizes the use of time-aware particulate sensors (TAPS)—a tiny sensor that travels through the system and remembers when it encounters a target chemical—to map these uncharted areas.
Antimony is widely used in the production of materials for electronics, as well as metal alloys resistant to corrosion and high temperatures.
“Antimony melt is interesting because near the melting point, the atoms in this melt can form bound structures in the form of compact clusters or extended chains and remain in a bound state for quite a long time. We found out that the basic unit of these structures are linked triplets of adjacent atoms, and the centers of mass of these linked atoms are located at the vertices of right triangles. It is from these triplets that larger structures are formed, the presence of which causes anomalous structural features detected in neutron and X-ray diffraction experiments,” explains Dr. Anatolii Mokshin, study supervisor and Chair of the Department of Computational Physics and Modeling of Physical Processes.
The computer modeling method based on quantum-chemical calculations made it possible to reproduce anomalies in the structure of molten antimony with high accuracy.
Researchers have created a unique wristwatch that contains multiple modules, including a sensor array, a microfluidic chip, signal processing, and a data display system to monitor chemicals in human sweat. Their study is published in the journal ACS Nano.
“It can continuously and accurately monitor the levels of potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), and calcium (Ca2+) ions, offering both real-time and long-term tracking capabilities,” said senior researcher Prof. Huang Xingjiu from the Institute of Solid State Physics at the Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Tremendous progress has been made in sweat sensors based on electrochemical methods, making it easier to track body changes. The stability of the sensor chip is crucial for its application effect and service life, which is the key to ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the sensor.