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Category: biotech/medical – Page 41

The Speed of Your Eyes Could Hide Objects in Plain Sight

A gently lobbed baseball is easy to see. The same ball, however, can seem to vanish from the hand of a skilled pitcher, whizzing invisibly into the catcher’s mitt.

Given enough acceleration, moving objects become too fast to see. Yet this visual speed limit isn’t universal – some people are apparently better at seeing in high-speed.

According to a new study, the secret may lie in subtle eye movements known as saccades. These rapid motions of the eyes shift our focus between various points of interest, and are regarded as the most frequent movement the human body makes. By some calculations they occur two to three times every second, adding up to around 10,000 times every waking hour.

Sitting Could Be Shrinking Your Brain (And Exercise May Not Help)

Sitting might be a comfortable and convenient way to spend much of your day, but a new study of older adults suggests it can lead to brain shrinkage and cognitive issues, irrespective of how much exercise you’re managing to fit in.

The research counters the idea that periods of sitting can be balanced out by periods of being active, at least when it comes to brain health in people aged 50 or above.

The study researchers, from Vanderbilt University, the University of Pittsburgh, and Seoul National University, think that too much sitting or lying down (known as sedentary behavior) can impact the brain and increase the risk of different types of dementia later in life, including Alzheimer’s disease.

Dubai Doctor Fears Losing His Job As AI Accurately Analyses X-Ray: “Going To Apply To McDonald’s”

A pulmonologist based in Dubai was astonished by the accuracy of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in diagnosing diseases. Recently, Dr. Mohammad Fawzi Katranji tested an AI tool’s ability to detect pneumonia from an X-ray and was impressed when it pinpointed the same areas he had identified, as well as an additional spot he had missed. The AI completed the task in seconds, a stark contrast to the 20 years Dr. Katranji spent acquiring his expertise. The AI’s findings ultimately aided in the patient’s recovery.

“I am about to lose my job. This is scary because I developed the skill over 20 years, which lets me look at an X-ray and point to pneumonia,” he said in the video, showing his findings.

“Now, here comes AI, and they pick it up in a second. Now, you don’t need professional eyes to look at these X-rays. You just have artificial intelligence. They picked up pneumonia. I am going to be applying to McDonald’s soon, and I hope they have some openings,” the doctor joked.

Researchers develop a new set of genetic tools designed to treat brain diseases

Scientists say they’ve put together a new kind of molecular toolkit that could eventually be used to treat a variety of brain diseases, possibly including epilepsy, sleep disorders and Huntington’s disease.

The kit currently contains more than 1,000 tools of a type known as enhancer AAV vectors, with AAV standing for “adeno-associated virus.” A consortium that included researchers from Seattle’s Allen Institute for Brain Science and the University of Washington combined harmless adeno-associated viruses with snippets of engineered DNA to create a gene-therapy package that could target specific neurons in the brain while having no effect on other cells.

Researchers laid out their findings in a set of eight studies published today in the Cell Press family of journals. The work is part of a project called the Armamentarium for Precision Brain Cell Access, funded through the National Institutes of Health’s BRAIN Initiative.

Black tea and berries could contribute to healthier aging

Higher intakes of black tea, berries, citrus fruits and apples could help to promote healthy ageing, new research has found.

This study conducted by researchers from Edith Cowan University, Queen’s University Belfast and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, found that foods rich in flavonoids could help to lower the risk of key components of unhealthy ageing, including frailty, impaired physical function and poor mental health.

“The goal of medical research is not just to help people live longer but to ensure they stay healthy for as long as possible,” ECU Adjunct Lecturer Dr Nicola Bondonno said.

Conversational agent can create executable quantum chemistry workflows

Artificial intelligence (AI) agents and large-language models (LLMs), such as the model underpinning OpenAI’s conversational platform ChatGPT, are now widely used by people worldwide, both in informal and professional settings. Over the past decade or so, some of these models have also been adapted to tackle complex research problems rooted in various fields, including biology, physics, medical sciences and chemistry.

Existing computational tools employed by chemists are often highly sophisticated and complex. Their complexity makes them inaccessible to non-expert users and often even difficult for expert chemists to use.

Researchers at Matter Lab at the University of Toronto and NVIDIA have developed El Agente Q, a new LLM-based system that could allow chemists, particularly those specialized in , to easily generate and execute quantum chemistry workflows, sequences of computational tasks required to study specific chemical systems at the quantum mechanical level.