Engineers harness focused ultrasound to revolutionize CRISPR’s capabilities to treat countless diseases.
Category: biotech/medical – Page 183
Evaluating the speed at which viruses spread and transmit across host populations is critical to mitigating disease outbreaks. A study published December 3 in PLOS Biology by Simon Dellicour at the University of Brussels (ULB), Belgium, and colleagues evaluate the performance of statistics measuring how viruses move across space and time in infected populations.
Genomic sequencing allows epidemiologists to examine the evolutionary history of pathogenic outbreaks and track the spatial movement of an outbreak. However, the sampling intensity of genomic sequences can potentially impact the accuracy of dispersal insights gained through these evolutionary approaches.
In order to assess the impact of the sampling size, researchers simulated the spread of several pathogens to evaluate three dispersal metrics estimated from the analysis of viral genomes: a lineage dispersal velocity (the speed at which lineages spread), a diffusion coefficient (how fast lineages invade space), and an isolation-by-distance signal (how genomic sequences of a population become less similar over geographic distance) metric.
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The Adaptive Immunity and Immunoregulation Section (AIIS) in the Laboratory of Allergic Diseases at #NIAID is seeking an exceptional candidate for a postdoctoral fellowship position.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), one of the largest institutes in the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and part of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), conducts and supports basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and ultimately prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases.
A postdoctoral fellowship position is available immediately in the Adaptive Immunity and Immunoregulation Section (AIIS) within the Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID. AIIS seeks highly motivated and collaborative candidates with a strong publication record who are capable of independent reasoning and excited about learning new technologies.
AIIS aims to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling the balance between protective and pathogenic adaptive immune responses to allergens and pathogens. With a particular focus on memory T and B cells and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, the lab utilizes state-of-the-art cellular and molecular approaches, including in vivo models of infection and allergy, multi-color flow cytometry, adoptive transfer experiments, cell fate tracking experiments, bone marrow chimeras, parabiosis surgery, imaging, conditional knockout and transgenic models, RNA-Seq, and single-cell technologies to characterize memory B-and T-cell responses in different models of food and respiratory allergens and infections.
The Dutch scientist designs the world’s smallest machines, including light-activated drugs to improve treatments for cancer and infection.
Scientists developed a DNA-based molecular controller that autonomously directs the assembly and disassembly of molecular robots, a key approach with potential applications in medicine and nanotechnology.
Thanks to CRISPR, medical specialists will soon have unprecedented control over how they treat and prevent some of the most challenging genetic disorders and diseases.
CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a Nobel Prize-winning gene-editing tool, already widely used by scientists to cut and modify DNA sequences to turn genes on and off or insert new DNA that can correct abnormalities. CRISPR uses an enzyme known as Cas9 to cut and alter DNA.
Engineers at the USC Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering have now developed an update to the tool that will allow CRISPR technology to be even more powerful with the help of focused ultrasound.
Researchers at UC San Diego identify a key pathway leading to neurodegeneration in early stages of ALS, hinting at the potential for short-circuiting the progression of the fatal disease if diagnosed early.
Researchers used a new screening technique to identify genes involved in heart cell damage during a common chemotherapy treatment. They also found a drug that may be able to prevent it.
Researchers have suspected for some time that the link between our gut and brain plays a role in the development of Parkinson’s disease.
A recent study identified gut microbes likely to be involved and linked them with decreased riboflavin (vitamin B2) and biotin (vitamin B7), pointing the way to an unexpectedly simple treatment that may help: B vitamins.
“Supplementation of riboflavin and/or biotin is likely to be beneficial in a subset of Parkinson’s disease patients, in which gut dysbiosis plays pivotal roles,” Nagoya University medical researcher Hiroshi Nishiwaki and colleagues write in their paper published in May.