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World Happiness Report 2026: Complex Global Picture of Social Media and Happiness

Life evaluations among under 25s in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand have dropped dramatically (by almost one point on a 0–10 scale) over the past decade, while the average for the young in the rest of the world has increased, according to Gallup World Poll data.

One international survey1 of 15-year-olds in nearly 50 countries suggests heavy social media use is associated, on average, with a significant drop in wellbeing among the students surveyed, though any effect is highly dependent on the type of social media platform being used, how it is used, as well as demographic factors such as gender and socio-economic status.

Other factors, such as social connections and a sense of belonging, are associated with much bigger changes in how respondents feel about their lives.

The global biogeography of passerine songs

Although bird songs are classic models for understanding the evolution of vocal communication, their global diversity has long made the development of a unifying framework challenging. By analyzing the acoustic architecture of songs from more than 3,000 passerine species worldwide, we show that this acoustic space can be structured around eight elemental motifs. The differential use of these motifs is driven by a combination of species’ biological traits (social organization, morphology, and mating system) and the physics of sound propagation. In tropical rainforests, environmental filtering for transmission efficiency favors structurally simple motifs, such as flat whistles.

Synthetic tumor data helps AI improve long-read cancer mutation detection

A research team at The University of Hong Kong (HKU), has developed ClairS—a deep-learning algorithm that significantly improves the detection of cancer mutations using long-read sequencing. Tested on breast cancer, lung cancer and melanoma cell line datasets, ClairS has demonstrated high accuracy across various cancer types and sequencing conditions.

The team was led by Professor Ruibang Luo, assistant director of Learning Experience & Student Enrichment and associate head of the Department of AI & Data Science at the School of Computing and Data Science (CDS) at HKU. The findings are published in the journal Nature Methods. ClairS is open source and available on GitHub.

Inherited gene variants may shape CAR-T therapy benefits and toxic side effects

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, which reprograms an individual’s immune cells to seek out and destroy certain cancer cells, has revolutionized treatment for blood cancers such as lymphoma. But in some patients, the treatment can cause serious side effects. New research led by investigators at the Mass General Brigham Cancer Institute, the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute has shown that patients’ inherited genetic makeup can influence whether they benefit from CAR-T cell therapy or experience toxicity from the treatment. The results are published in Science Immunology.

“These findings have important implications for understanding how CAR-T cells behave in patients since each CAR-T cell product is unique to the person from whom it is manufactured, unlike all prior forms of therapy, which are identical across patients,” said lead author Mark B. Leick, M.D., an oncologist at the Mass General Brigham Cancer Institute.

For the study, Leick and his colleagues sequenced the entire genomes of more than 200 patients with aggressive lymphoma from two major clinical trials of CAR-T cell therapy. In one of the trials, patients with T cells with variants that silenced the STXBP2 gene tended to experience toxicity related to CAR-T cell therapy. Also, donor T cells engineered to lack STXBP2 and/or express these STXBP2-silencing variants triggered inflammation.

Low-Frequency Ultrasound Attacks Oral Cancer Cells

When Ajay Tijore was a postdoctoral researcher in mechanobiologist Michael Sheetz’s lab at the National University of Singapore, he and his team studied how mechanical strain affected cancer cells. A few years ago, the researchers found that low-frequency ultrasound waves triggered mechanical stress that killed several invasive cancer cell types.1 “That was kind of a big revelation… Eureka moment,” said Tijore.

When he started his own lab at the Indian Institute of Science in 2021, Tijore hoped to contribute to Indian society. With India accounting for one-third of the oral cancer cases worldwide, Tijore sought to investigate whether low-frequency ultrasound could also target oral cancer cells.2

Now, Tijore and his team found that patient-derived oral cancer cells are susceptible to low-frequency ultrasound due to their distinct biomechanical properties compared to healthy cells.3 The team’s findings, published in Materials Today Bio, highlight the potential of the non-invasive approach in oral cancer therapy.

Extragalactic positron-annihilation hotspots might mean Milky Way produces far more positrons than thought

Positrons—the antimatter counterpart of electrons—are created in high-energy cosmic processes. When normal matter meets its antimatter counterpart, they annihilate, or vanish, and produce a distinctive 511 keV gamma-ray signal. Scientists use this signal to detect where these annihilations occur.

Now, 20 years’ worth of this kind of data has revealed that positron annihilations might be happening in unexpected places and at far greater rates than previously thought. The new study, published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, describes how astronomers are interpreting a new positron annihilation map and whether the results represent true annihilations or just imaging artifacts.

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