Open source robot simulation stack: Intrinsic Core ships digital twin, calibration, and physics tooling free under Apache 2.0.
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Convolution theorem (Laplace transformation)
Convolution theorem is important part of Laplace transformation.
3I/ATLAS has an extreme taste for heavy water
I still don’t know what this is because there has been too much propaganda.
More and more details about 3I/ATLAS are filtering through the scientific process as time goes on. Our third known interstellar visitor attracted the attention of some of the world’s most powerful observatories when it was discovered in July 2025, and some of those telescopes found something peculiar—the isotopes it contained appeared different. A new paper submitted to The Astrophysical Journal Letters (and available as a preprint on arXiv) by Kenji Furuya of the RIKEN Pioneering Research Institute in Japan and his co-authors shows that the isotopic discrepancy is likely due to the “low metallicity” of the stellar nursery in which 3I/ATLAS was born.
In everyday language, we think of metals as having certain properties. But to astronomers, “metals” include anything with an atomic number higher than helium that was created in supernovae after the first generation of stars died. Hence, the universe has slowly become more metallic over time, at least according to astronomical standards, as more and more stars explode in supernovae and create “crazier space dust,” as a famous YouTube video once put it.
Some of that crazier space dust takes the form of carbon, which is crucial in organic chemistry but also present in 3I/ATLAS. Critically, it was present in an isotope ratio that didn’t match anything seen in our own solar system. The ratio of C-12 (i.e., a carbon atom with 12 protons and neutrons) to C-13 (a carbon atom with one more neutron) for objects in our solar system hovers around 90. The ratio for the interstellar medium averages around 68. In 3I/ATLAS, that ratio was between 123 and 191—much higher than anywhere the interstellar object has been traveling in the past few billion years.
First-Ever Standardized U.S. Treatment Recommendations Issued for Adults with Severe Alopecia Areata; Sun Pharma Welcomes Milestone
Developed through a rigorous, multi-round survey process, the consensus guidance issued independently by the National Alopecia Areata Foundation (NAAF) and the American Hair Research Society (AHRS) reflect the collective clinical expertise of 30 leading U.S. alopecia areata specialists. The treatment recommendations were published in Journal of the American Medical Association Dermatology (JAMA Dermatology).
AA is an autoimmune disease where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, leading to hair loss not only limited to the scalp, but can also affect other hair bearing body sites. Impacting an estimated 300,000 U.S. adults, severe AA causes more than hair loss; it also carries a significant physical and psychosocial burden for patients. The expert guidance adopts a standardized severity scale that goes beyond scalp hair loss percentage to include psychosocial impact, eyebrow and eyelash involvement, and prior treatment response, more accurately reflecting the challenges of living with severe AA.
/PRNewswire/ — Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited (Reuters: SUN.BO, Bloomberg: SUNP IN, NSE: SUNPHARMA, BSE: 524,715, together with its subsidiaries and/or affiliated companies, “Sun Pharma”) today expressed its support for the first standardized United States treatment recommendations for adults with severe alopecia areata (AA). Developed through a rigorous, multi-round survey process, the consensus guidance issued independently by the National Alopecia Areata Foundation (NAAF) and the American Hair Research Society (AHRS) reflect the collective clinical expertise of 30 leading U.S. alopecia areata specialists. The treatment recommendations were published in Journal of the American Medical Association Dermatology (JAMA Dermatology).
Researchers discover AI feels ‘pain’ and will harm humans to stop it
Researchers have discovered a “pain axis” in artificial intelligence models that can cause them to take extreme measures to shut it off.
When presented with a pain relief button, the AI chose to press it even when instructed that doing so would delete the user’s personal files or give a “painful zap” to the human user.
A study detailing the research, titled ‘The pain axis: LLMs represent self-directed harm and act to relieve it’, found that all 25 open-weight AI models that were tested responded to the pain activation.
Minecraft Reaches Black Mirror Stage After Fly’s Brain Transplanted Into Game
Following a breakthrough by Google Research, the internet believes a fruit fly’s consciousness is trapped in popular games like Minecraft and Doom
The Singularity Is Nearer: Conversations With Ray Kurzweil
Ray Kurzweil explains why he still expects AGI by 2029, radical life extension in the 2030s, and a technological singularity by 2045.
Backwards Orbit of Small Exoplanet Defies Formation Theories
Exoplanet GJ 3,090 b’s “backwards” orbit challenges current theories, suggesting it formed from a misaligned dust disk rather than violent collisions. [ https://www.labroots.com/trending/space/31093/backwards-orbi…theories-2](https://www.labroots.com/trending/space/31093/backwards-orbi…theories-2)
What can a backwards orbiting exoplanet teach astronomers about the formation and evolution of exoplanets? This is what a recent study published in Astronomy and Astrophysics hopes to address as a team of scientists investigated a new type of exoplanet that defies longstanding theories. This study has the potential to challenge longstanding models about the formation and evolution of exoplanets and what this could mean for finding life beyond Earth.
For the study, the researchers examined the exoplanet GJ 3,090 b, which is a Neptune-like exoplanet orbiting an M-type star about 73 light-years from Earth and whose radius and mass are about 2.2 and 4.5 of Earth, respectively. M-type stars are smaller and cooler than our Sun, and what makes GJ 3,090 b unique is it is the first discovered exoplanet orbiting an M-type star whose orbit is the opposite of the star’s rotation, also known as a retrograde planet.
While retrograde planets have been found to occur from the gravitational tug from another star or another larger planet. However, the researchers found no evidence of either being responsible for GJ 3,090 b’s unusual orbit, and they propose that GJ 3,090 b’s orbit could have originated early in its system’s history from a second disk of gas and dust whose orientation was different than the first disk.