We have rolled back last week’s GPT‑4o update in ChatGPT so people are now using an earlier version with more balanced behavior. The update we removed was overly flattering or agreeable—often described as sycophantic.
UCLA researchers have developed a groundbreaking graphene-protected catalyst that extends hydrogen fuel cell lifespans beyond 200,000 hours.
Spruyt et al. report that in asymptomatic Alzheimer’s disease higher tau PET load in medial temporal cortex is associated with decreasing global clustering
Texas regulators with Public Utility Commission of Texas approve ERCOT’s use of 765-kv lines for its future grid system power superhighway
Clinical features of Rathke’s cleft cyst with secondary hypophysitis and outcomes of endoscopic transnasal surgery versus features of common Rathke’s cleft cysts: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Posted in biotech/medical | Leave a Comment on Clinical features of Rathke’s cleft cyst with secondary hypophysitis and outcomes of endoscopic transnasal surgery versus features of common Rathke’s cleft cysts: a single-center retrospective cohort study
The aim of this study was to examine the clinical characteristics of Rathke’s cleft cyst (RCC) with secondary hypophysitis and compare them with the clinical characteristics of common RCC.
This single-center retrospective cohort study included cases of pituitary disease in which endoscopic transnasal surgery was performed from January 2011 to March 2023. Patients with RCC were identified, and secondary hypophysitis was subsequently identified based on pathological and MRI findings. Pathologically, the presence of lymphocytic infiltration into the normal anterior pituitary gland was used as a criterion for determining hypophysitis. On MRI, RCCs showing marked thickening of the cyst wall and pituitary stalk swelling ≥ 3.5 mm were considered as hypophysitis. A comparative study was performed at our institution using retrospectively collected data on RCCs with secondary hypophysitis and common RCCs.
The study included 11 patients with RCC with secondary hypophysitis (median age 36 years) and 95 patients with common RCC (median age 51 years). The proportions of patients with headache (90.9% vs 48.4%, p = 0.009), fever (63.6% vs 1.1%, p < 0.001), panhypopituitarism (90.9% vs 24.2%, p < 0.001), and diabetes insipidus (90.9% vs 21.1%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the RCC with secondary hypophysitis group than the common RCC group. Although reaccumulation rates and the time to reaccumulation did not differ between the groups, the operative rate when reaccumulation occurred was significantly higher in patients with RCC with secondary hypophysitis than in those with common RCC (75% vs 13%, p = 0.015).
Responses, necessitating refined somatosensory mapping techniques.
METHODS:
Using piezoelectric tactile stimulators on patients’ faces and hands, we delivered 25 Hz vibrations and prompted patients to discriminate between dermatomes. Testing included areas contralateral to tumor-infiltrated and to non–tumor-infiltrated cortical regions. Sensory thresholds were determined by reducing stimulus intensity based on performance. Intraoperatively, electrocorticography electrode arrays were used to map sensory responses, and postoperative assessments evaluated sensory outcomes.
For the first time, researchers can study the microstructures inside metals, ceramics and rocks with X-rays in a standard laboratory without needing to travel to a particle accelerator, according to a study led by University of Michigan engineers.
The work is published in the journal Nature Communications.
The new technique makes 3D X-ray diffraction—known as 3DXRD—more readily accessible, potentially enabling quick analysis of samples and prototypes in academia and industry, as well as providing more opportunities for students.
The system was trained to decode words and turn them into speech in increments of 80 milliseconds (0.08 seconds). For comparison, people speak about three words per second, or around 130 words per minute. The system then delivered audible words using the woman’s voice, which was captured from a recording made before the stroke.
The system was able to decode the full vocabulary set at a rate of 47.5 words per minute. It could decode a simpler set of 50 words even more rapidly, at 90.9 words per minute. That’s much faster than an earlier device the researchers had developed, which decoded about 15 words per minute with a 50-word vocabulary. The new device had a more than 99% success rate in decoding and synthesizing speech in less than 80 milliseconds. It took less than a quarter of a second to translate speech-related brain activity into audible speech.
The researchers found that the system wasn’t limited to trained words or sentences. It could make out novel words and decode new sentences to produce fluent speech. The device could also produce speech indefinitely without interruption.
Scientists have proposed that human consciousness may actually alter reality around us, but there’s a lot speculation about how.
The demonstration that helical spin arrangements can be manipulated using electric currents holds promise for spin-based electronics.