A scan of the skull of a 319-million-year-old fossilized fish has led to the discovery of the oldest example of a well-preserved vertebrate brain, shining a new light on the early evolution of bony fish.
The fossil of the skull belonging to the extinct Coccocephalus wildi was found in a coal mine in England more than a century ago, according to researchers of the study published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
The fossil is the only known specimen of the fish species so scientists from the University of Michigan in the US and the University of Birmingham in the UK used the nondestructive imaging technique of computed tomography (CT) scanning to look inside its skull and examine its internal bodily structure.
Large language models show impressive capabilities. Are they just superficial statistics – or is there more to them?
Systems such as OpenAI’s GPT-3 have shown that large language models have capabilities that can make them useful tools in areas as diverse as text processing and programming.
With ChatGPT the company has released a model that puts these capabilities in the hands of the general public, creating new challenges for educational institutions, for example.
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RECOMMENDED READING: Schwartz, “Quantum Field Theory and the Standard model” https://amzn.to/3HmWdYt.
CHAPTERS: 0:00 The most important motion in the universe. 1:08 How get energy and mental focus. 2:20 A spring: Classical simple harmonic oscillator. 4:48 QUANTUM Harmonic oscillator. 6:00 Science Asylum — what is the Schrodinger equation? 7:30 Quantum Field Theory (QFT) uses spring math! 10:00 Intuitive description of what’s going on! 12:37 What is really oscillating in QFT?
Three years ago, the study of black holes was revolutionized. Now, the team is turning to the closest supermassive black hole to Earth — the one at the center of the Milky Way.
Renowned physicist Neil Turok, Holder of the Higgs Chair of Theoretical Physics at the University of Edinburgh, joins me to discuss the state of science and the universe. is Physics in trouble? What hope is there to return to more productive and Simple theories? What is Peter Higgs up to?
Neil Turok has been director emeritus of the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics since 2019. He specializes in mathematical physics and early-universe physics, including the cosmological constant and a cyclic model for the universe.
He has written several books including Endless Universe: Beyond the Big Bang and The Universe Within: From Quantum to Cosmos.
00:00:00 Intro. 00:03:28 What is the meaning of Neil’s book cover? 00:06:46 The Nature of the Endless Universe. 00:14:31 What would happen to James Clerk Maxwell and Michael Faraday on Twitter? 00:16:10 What’s wrong with physics today? 00:20:06 How did Neil’s life change after his theory was proven wrong? 00:23:28 Neil shows us fundamental laws of the Universe in equations. 00:33:59 How well do our modern equations satisfy the conditions of the observable Universe? 00:56:29 How is the Universe simple? 01:20:01 Can Neil’s model explain flatness without inflation? 01:54:54 Existential Questions on the meaning of life, advice to his former self, and things he’s changed his mind on.
