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A new study explores tetraquarks, predicts new exotic particles, and offers deeper insights into their complex structure and behavior.

A new study offers significant advancements in the understanding of tetraquarks — a rare and complex type of particle.

By developing a new approach that combines advanced mathematical methods with a simpler model of how particles interact, the researchers have made important discoveries about the inner structure and mass of these particles.

Black holes are objects of mystery and dread from which nothing can escape… but could they also be the foundations of future civilizations of unimaginable might and size.

Watch my exclusive video Topopolis: The Eternal River: https://nebula.tv/videos/isaacarthur–
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How sleep microstructure organizes memory replay.

T occur in isolation; older memories are also replayed during sleep, raising an intriguing challenge: how does the brain avoid interference between fragile new memories and stable old ones?” + To explore this question, researchers developed a groundbreaking method to study both hippocampal activity and sleep dynamics simultaneously in naturally sleeping mice. Using a technique called pupillometry, which measures oscillatory changes in pupil size, they uncovered a previously unknown “microstructure” within non-REM sleep that helps the brain manage memory replay.

They discovered that memory replay is organized into distinct substates of non-REM sleep:

1. Contracted pupil substates: During these phases, the hippocampus predominantly replays new memories. This activity is associated with sharp-wave ripples—brief bursts of electrical activity critical for memory consolidation—and strong excitatory inputs from external sources.

2. Dilated pupil substates: In contrast, older memories are reactivated during these phases, characterized by increased local inhibitory activity, which helps maintain stability and prevent interference.

Apple could bring Samsung into its camera sensor supply chain, with a new rumor claiming that it is developing a new 3-layer stacked sensor.

Astronomy enthusiasts, brace yourselves for a dazzling display as the Quadrantids, the first meteor shower of 2025, light up the sky.

The Quadrantids are unique among meteor showers as they originate from debris left by an asteroid, rather than a comet. This shower, best viewed in the Northern Hemisphere, is renowned for its bright fireballs and has been described by NASA as one of the strongest and most consistent meteor showers of the year. However, the peak visibility window is relatively short, lasting just six hours on the night of Jan. 2 into Jan. 3, and winter weather conditions such as frigid temperatures and overcast skies may challenge observers.

The Quadrantids are named after Quadrans Muralis, an 18th-century constellation astronomers no longer use. Both the constellation and the shower are named after an instrument called the quadrant, which was once used to measure the altitudes of stars and other bodies in the night sky.

Research reveals distinct mechanisms underlying neonatal and post-pubertal social behaviors, providing valuable insights for developing targeted early interventions.

Researchers from the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio and Hirosaki University have unveiled significant findings on the development of social behaviors in fragile X syndrome, the most common genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder. The study, published in Genomic Psychiatry, highlights the effects of a specific prenatal treatment on social behaviors in mice.

The researchers found that administering bumetanide—a drug that regulates chloride levels in neurons—to pregnant mice restored normal social communication in newborn pups with the fragile X mutation. However, they also discovered an unexpected outcome: the same treatment reduced social interaction after puberty in both fragile X and typical mice. These findings shed light on the complex and developmental-stage-specific effects of interventions for fragile X syndrome.

Understanding Warp Drive.
The only way for human beings to visit other star systems is with warp drive technology. Remastered and Expanded, this lesson helps you understand the forces involved, and the serious scientists working to solve this problem.

Extra Credit Homework:
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/star-treks-warp-d…w-physics/

Sources.

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“The ultimate goal is to extend healthspan—meaning the number of years aging adults live healthy lives and enjoy overall well-being by compressing the frailty and disability that comes with aging into a shorter duration of time near the end of life,” says Andrew Brack, PhD, the PROSPR Program Manager.

The new venture will be building on some of the work that the National Institute of Aging (NIH) has been working on and will be working in collaboration with various organizations in the biotechnology industry as well as some unspecified regulators to accelerate the development, testing, and availability of new therapeutic that targets human healthspan.

It is hoped that the new initiative, along with positively impacting the healthspan of Americans, will also help to enhance the economy across the nation.

How Elon Musk turned failure into $350 billion. Use code NEWSTHINK at http://nordpass.com/newsthink to get a FREE 3-month NordPass Business trial. No credit card required.

I highly recommend Walter Isaacson’s biography of Elon Musk: https://www.amazon.com/Elon-Musk-Walt?tag=lifeboatfound-20

Chapters.
00:00 SpaceX: The Most Valuable Private Company.
0:35 Elon Musk’s Mars Obsession Begins.
3:25 Building SpaceX from the Ground Up.
4:34 Tragedy and Perseverance.
5:18 Building Rockets the SpaceX Way.
8:53 Falcon 1 Flight 1
10:35 Falcon 1 Flight 2
11:17 Falcon 1 Flight 3
13:04 Success at Lasts: Falcon 1 Flight 4
14:01 The Next Chapter.
15:33 Starship: The Ultimate Goal.
16:11 The Role of Starlink.
16:43 Today’s Sponsor: NordPass.

Follow Newsthink on X https://twitter.com/Newsthink.