A neuroinformatics expert and a quantum biophysicist are our guests on the podcast this week.
Category: quantum physics – Page 713
A New Kind of Light in the Universe? “Super-Planckian” Material Emits Light That Exceeds Limits of Natural Law
Could there be a new kind of light in the universe? Since the late 19th century, scientists have understood that, when heated, all materials emit light in a predictable spectrum of wavelengths. Research published today in Nature Scientific Reports presents a material that emits light when heated that appears to exceed the limits set by that natural law.
In 1900, Max Planck first mathematically described a pattern of radiation and ushered in the quantum era with the assumption that energy can only exist in discrete values. Just as a fireplace poker glows red hot, increasing heat causes all materials to emit more intense radiation, with the peak of the emitted spectrum shifting to shorter wavelengths as heat rises. In keeping with Planck’s Law, nothing can emit more radiation than a hypothetical object that absorbs energy perfectly, a so-called “blackbody.”
The new material discovered by Shawn Yu Lin, lead author and a professor of physics at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, defies the limits of Planck’s law, emitting a coherent light similar to that produced by lasers or LEDs, but without the costly structure needed to produce the stimulated emission of those technologies. In addition to the spectroscopy study just published in Nature Scientific Reports, Lin previously published an imaging study in IEEE Photonics Journal. Both show a spike in radiation at about 1.7 microns, which is the near-infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Quantum tunneling in graphene advances the age of terahertz wireless communications
Scientists from MIPT, Moscow Pedagogical State University and the University of Manchester have created a highly sensitive terahertz detector based on the effect of quantum-mechanical tunneling in graphene. The sensitivity of the device is already superior to commercially available analogs based on semiconductors and superconductors, which opens up prospects for applications of the graphene detector in wireless communications, security systems, radio astronomy, and medical diagnostics. The research results are published in Nature Communications.
ABS Signs Teleport Deal with Telemedia
ABS is partnering with Telemedia, a broadcasting and teleport service provider in South Africa, to improve its service offerings to customers in the Middle East and Africa region (MEA). ABS announced Monday that the company will gain access to a full suite of telecom services provided by Telemedia at its Johannesburg teleport. Telemedia will provide teleport fiber connectivity, data center hosting, and satellite uplink capabilities.
Telemedia said the partnership enables the company to further expand its broadcast and satellite connectivity services in the MEA.
“Our collaboration with Telemedia reinforces and strengthens our presence in the MEA and provides an extension to our global connectivity network,” Ron Busch, ABS’ EVP Engineering and Operations said. “[Telemedia’s] infrastructure offering with a solid track record, excellent customer support and can-do attitude during the COVID-19 pandemic shows its commitment to excellent customer service.”
Is Quantum Tunneling the Key to Life and existence of the Universe?
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What is this mysterious quantum tunneling effect, where does it come from? And why is it one of the most important phenomena in physics?
Quantum mechanics shows that quantum objects have a wave-particle duality. What we think of as an electron particle actually behaves like a wave, a probability wave. This means that its position is not a precise location in space. It is defined by a wave function that can only tell us the probability of finding it a particular location when measured. The wave function of a particle exists in all of space, in the entire universe up to infinity. So there is always a non-zero probability of finding the electron anywhere, including outside a barrier.
We can attribute this behavior to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. It states that the uncertainty in a particle’s position times the uncertainty in its momentum has to be greater than a finite number. Practically this means we cannot know with 100% certainty what the position of that electron is. And the wave function of the electron, which gives us the probability of finding it at any location can be found using the Schrodinger equation.
This equation was developed by Erwin Schrödinger in 1926, and it is the equation that describes the wave nature of matter. The Greek letter psi in the equation is the wave function. The wave function depends on both time and position. It can be both positive or negative, but the square is always positive. The square of the wave function as a function of position is the probability of finding the particle at that position. The Schrödinger equation is a statement of conservation of energy. It says that kinetic energy plus potential energy equals the total energy—But instead of just energies, we have energy operators acting on the wave function of the particle.
A Powerful Ion Microscope Developed to Study Quantum Gases
University of Stuttgart researchers developed a particle-based imaging approach that enables the spatially and temporally resolved investigation of vastly different systems such as ground-state samples, Rydberg ensembles, or cold ions immersed in quantum gases.
The microscope features an excellent time resolution allowing for both the study of dynamic processes and 3D imaging. In contrast to most quantum gas microscopes, this imaging scheme offers an enormous depth of field and is, therefore, not restricted to two-dimensional systems.
The researchers plan to use their new and powerful tool to extend our studies of cold ion-atom hybrid systems and intend to push the collision energies in these systems to the ultracold regime. Using Rydberg molecules to initialize ion-atom collisions, they envision the imaging of individual scattering events taking place in the quantum regime.