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Category: physics – Page 2

Interstellar material has been discovered in our solar system, but researchers continue to hunt for where it came from and how it got here. A new study led by Western astrophysicists Cole Gregg and Paul Wiegert recommends Alpha Centauri—the next closest solar system to ours—is a great place to start, highlighting how and why it’s a prime target.

The findings were published March 6 in The Planetary Science Journal.

Interstellar objects are astronomical material, like asteroids or comets, not gravitationally bound to a star. They can come from other solar systems and be thrown into interstellar space by collisions or be slingshotted by a planet or star’s gravity.

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Recently, a research team found a new way to control the magnetic reversal in a special material called Co3Sn2S2, a Weyl semimetal. The team was led by Prof. Qu Zhe from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with Prof. Liu Enke from the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

“This discovery could help switch the magnetization of devices that rely on ,” said Prof. Qu, “such as hard drives and spin-based technologies.”

The results were published in Materials Today Physics.

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Physics is the business of figuring out the structure of the world. So are our brains. But sometimes physics comes to conclusions that are in direct conflict with concepts fundamental to our minds, such as the realness of space and time. How do we tell who’s correct? Are time and space objective realities or human-invented concepts?

Episode Companion Playlist.

Continue reading “What’s Your Brain’s Role in Creating Space & Time?” | >

Proteins in cells are highly flexible and often exist in multiple conformations, each with unique abilities to bind ligands. These conformations are regulated by the organism to control protein function. Currently, most studies on protein structure and activity are conducted using purified proteins in vitro, which cannot fully replicate the complexity of the intracellular environment and may be influenced by the purification process or buffer conditions.

In a study published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, a team led by Prof. Wang Fangjun from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), collaborating with Prof. Huang Guangming from the University of Science and Technology of China of CAS, developed a new method for in-cell characterization of proteins using vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation top-down (UVPD-TDMS), providing an innovative technology for analyzing the heterogeneity of intracellular protein in situ with MS.

Researchers combined in-cell MS with 193-nm UVPD to directly analyze protein structures within cells. This method employed induced electrospray ionization, which ionizes intracellular proteins with minimal structural perturbation.

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Materials are known to interact with electromagnetic fields in different ways, which reflect their structures and underlying properties. The Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relation is a physics construct that describes the relationship between a material’s static and dynamic dielectric constant (i.e., values indicating a system’s behavior in the presence or absence of an external electric field, respectively) and the vibrational modes of the material’s crystal lattice (i.e., resonance frequencies).

This construct, first introduced by physicists Lyddanne, Sachs and Teller in 1941, has since been widely used to conduct solid-state physics research and materials science studies. Ultimately, it has helped better explain and delineate the properties of various materials, which were then used to create new electronic devices.

Researchers at Lund University recently extended the Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relation to magnetism, showing that a similar relation links a material’s static permeability (i.e., its non-oscillatory response to a ) to the frequencies at which it exhibits a . Their paper, published in Physical Review Letters, opens new exciting possibilities for the study of magnetic materials.

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Scientists have uncovered “Quipu,” the largest known galactic structure, stretching 1.4 billion light-years. This discovery reshapes cosmic mapping and affects key measurements of the universe’s expansion.

A team of scientists has identified the largest cosmic superstructure ever reliably measured. The discovery was made while mapping the nearby universe using galaxy clusters detected in the ROSAT X-ray satellite’s sky survey. Spanning approximately 1.4 billion light-years, this structure — primarily composed of dark matter — is the largest known formation in the universe to date. The research was led by scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics and the Max Planck Institute for Physics, in collaboration with colleagues from Spain and South Africa.

A Vastly Structured Universe

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UCLA physicists have developed a new thin film that uses far less of the rare thorium-229 while also being significantly less radioactive, making it a safer and more practical alternative for atomic clocks. Atomic clocks using thorium-229 nuclei excited by laser beams could provide the most pre.

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Discover the groundbreaking physics behind skyhooks, rotovators, and space ladders, and how they could revolutionize space travel in the near future.

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Credits:
Skyhooks, Rotovators & Space Ladders.
Episode 488b; March 2, 2025
Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur.
Graphics: Jarred Eagley, Katie Byrne, Phil Swan, Sergio Botero.
Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images.
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator.
Phase Shift, \

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Nobel Laureate Andrea Ghez joins Brian Greene to explore her decade’s long pursuit of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy.

This program is part of the Big Ideas series, supported by the John Templeton Foundation.

Participant: Andrea Ghez.
Moderator: Brian Greene.

00:00 Introduction.

Continue reading “Tracing the Abyss: The Spacetime of a Supermassive Black Hole” | >