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Category: biotech/medical – Page 281

Anirban Datta, Head of Discovery Biology at Verseon International Corporation, details how recent breakthroughs are bringing once-distant possibilities, such as testing drugs more efficiently and restoring lost organ function through implantation, closer to reality.

Imagine being able to create an in vitro replica of a diseased organ to study the molecular mechanism underlying the illness. Now take a step further: envision testing drugs in these organoids to identify the ones that can treat disease safely and effectively without needing to run expensive clinical trials first. Further still, think about implanting these mini organs into the patient to restore lost function. With multiple breakthroughs in recent decades, these goals are now much closer to reality.

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“Al-determined tumor volume has the potential to advance precision medicine for patients with prostate cancer by improving our ability to understand the aggressiveness of a patient’s cancer and therefore recommend the most optimal treatment,” said Dr. David D. Yang, MD.

How can artificial intelligence (AI) help medical professionals identify, diagnose, and treat prostate cancer? This is what a recent study published in Radiology hopes to address as a team of researchers developed an AI model designed to identify prostate cancer lesions, which holds the potential to help medical professionals and patients make the best-informed decisions regarding diagnoses and treatment options.

For the study, which was conducted between January 2021 to August 2023, the researchers had their AI model examine MRI scans from 732 patients, including 438 patients who underwent radiation therapy (RT) and 294 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). The goal was to compare a potential success rate of the AI model identifying tumors compared to patient treatment between 5 to 10 years after being diagnosed.

In the end, the AI model demonstrated an 85 percent accuracy in identifying cancerous lesions. Additionally, the AI model identified the larger volume lesions that resulted in failed treatment and metastasis, which is when cancer tumors spread beyond the original location within the body. Finally, the AI model determined that RT patients were at a decreased risk of metastasis based on their tumor volumes.

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This level of precision could be a game-changer for therapies that require gene expression in one specific tissue, without impacting others.

By providing more control over where and when genes are activated, these AI-designed CREs could potentially be used in a variety of therapeutic applications, from treating genetic diseases to optimizing tissue regeneration.

As this AI-powered approach to designing CREs matures, the possibilities are vast. Beyond basic research, these synthetic DNA switches could be employed in biomanufacturing or to develop advanced treatments for a range of conditions, offering more effective ways to manipulate genes with unprecedented precision.

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Caltech scientists have introduced a revolutionary machine-learning-driven technique for accurately measuring the mass of individual particles using advanced nanoscale devices.

This method could dramatically enhance our understanding of proteomes by allowing for the mass measurement of proteins in their native forms, thus offering new insights into biological processes and disease mechanisms.

Caltech scientists have developed a machine-learning-powered method that enables precise measurement of individual particles and molecules using advanced nanoscale devices. This breakthrough could lead to the use of various devices for mass measurement, which is key to identifying proteins. It also holds the potential to map the complete proteome—the full set of proteins in an organism.

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Scientists studying viruses at the University of Wisconsin-Madison recently opened their lab door for a tour, looking to shine a light on their work after being targeted by a Republican bill.

The legislation would have prohibited some of the research that has been done in the past in Madison…

The bill would have ended all so-called “gain-of-function” research at higher education institutions in the state, and cut funding from any university that continued such experiments.

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