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Oct 2, 2024

Scientists demonstrate advanced low-coherence BOCDR system using periodic pseudo-random modulation

Posted by in category: futurism

Their research is published in the Journal of Lightwave Technology.

“We tackled the persistent issue of balancing spatial resolution and measurement range in our original fiber-optic distributed strain sensing technique called BOCDR,” said Associate Professor Yosuke Mizuno of Yokohama National University. “Our purpose was to develop a more efficient system that overcomes this trade-off without relying on complex components like variable delay lines.”

The conventional BOCDR technique offers advantages such as operation with light injection from one end of the sensing fiber, relatively , and random-access capability to sensing points. However, it also faces trade-offs between spatial resolution and measurement range. Previous efforts to mitigate this issue have included special schemes, such as temporal gating, double modulation, and chirp modulation.

Oct 2, 2024

ChatGPT shows human-level assessment of brain tumor MRI reports

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, robotics/AI

As artificial intelligence advances, its uses and capabilities in real-world applications continue to reach new heights that may even surpass human expertise.


Official website for Osaka Metropolitan University. Established in 2022 through the merger of Osaka City University and Osaka Prefecture University.

Oct 2, 2024

Fluctuations suppress condensation in 1D photon gas

Posted by in category: quantum physics

Decreasing the number of dimensions from three to two to one dramatically influences the physical behaviour of a system, causing different states of matter to emerge. In recent years, physicists have been using optical quantum gases to study this phenomenon.

In the new study, conducted in the framework of the collaborative research centre OSCAR, a team led by Frank Vewinger of the Institute of Applied Physics (IAP) at the University of Bonn looked at how the behaviour of a photon gas changed as it went from being 2D to 1D. The researchers prepared the 2D gas in an optical microcavity, which is a structure in which light is reflected back and forth between two mirrors. The cavity was filled with dye molecules. As the photons repeatedly interact with the dye, they cool down and the gas eventually condenses into an extended quantum state called a Bose–Einstein condensate.

Oct 1, 2024

Scientists Have Discovered a Dietary Compound That Increases Longevity

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, food, life extension, neuroscience

Researchers from the Color and Food Quality group at the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, in partnership with Dr. Marina Ezcurra’s team at the University of Kent (UK), have demonstrated that the carotenoid phytoene extends the lifespan of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Additionally, it delays the onset of paralysis linked to amyloid plaque formation in an Alzheimer’s disease model.

Specifically, increases in longevity of between 10 and 18.6% and decreases in the proteotoxic effect of plaques of between 30 and 40% were observed. The studies, which form part of Ángeles Morón Ortiz’s doctoral thesis, tested pure phytoene and extracts rich in this carotenoid obtained from microalgae.

According to Dr. Paula Mapelli Brahm, “These are very exciting preliminary results, so we are looking for funding to continue this line of research and to find out by what mechanisms these effects are produced.”

Oct 1, 2024

Genetic tracing of market wildlife and viruses at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics

Oct 1, 2024

Nvidia just dropped a bombshell: Its new AI model is open, massive, and ready to rival GPT-4

Posted by in category: robotics/AI

Nvidia has released a powerful open-source artificial intelligence model that competes with proprietary systems from industry leaders like OpenAI and Google.

The company’s new NVLM 1.0 family of large multimodal language models, led by the 72 billion parameter NVLM-D-72B, demonstrates exceptional performance across vision and language tasks while also enhancing text-only capabilities.

“We introduce NVLM 1.0, a family of frontier-class multimodal large language models that achieve state-of-the-art results on vision-language tasks, rivaling the leading proprietary models (e.g., GPT-4o) and open-access models,” the researchers explain in their paper.

Oct 1, 2024

How bacteria-fighting viruses could go mainstream

Posted by in category: futurism

Viruses called phages hold enormous promise as a way to fight infection, but don’t expect to see them in the clinic soon.

Oct 1, 2024

Strong Solar Flare Erupts from Sun

Posted by in category: alien life

The Sun emitted a strong solar flare, peaking at 6:20 p.m. ET on Oct. 1, 2024. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory, which watches the Sun constantly, captured an image of the event.

Solar flares are powerful bursts of energy. Flares and solar eruptions can impact radio communications, electric power grids, navigation signals, and pose risks to spacecraft and astronauts.

This flare is classified as an X7.1 flare. X-class denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength.

Oct 1, 2024

Tongan volcanic eruption triggered by explosion equivalent to ‘five underground nuclear bombs,’ new research reveals

Posted by in categories: climatology, military

The Hunga Tonga underwater volcano was one of the largest volcanic eruptions in history, and now, two years later, new research from The Australian National University (ANU) has revealed its main trigger. The research is published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.

Oct 1, 2024

AI model provides deep insights into hand movement, an essential step for development of neuroprosthetics

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, cyborgs, neuroscience, robotics/AI

In neuroscience and biomedical engineering, accurately modeling the complex movements of the human hand has long been a significant challenge.

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