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The problem of many-over-one asks how it can be that many properties are ever instantiated by one object. A putative solution might, for example, claim that the properties are appropriately bundled, or somehow tied to a bare particular. In this essay, the author argues that, surprisingly, an extant candidate solution to this problem is at the same time an independently developed candidate solution to the mind-body problem. Specifically, what is argued here to be the best version of the relata-specific bundle theory—the thesis that each instance of compresence has a special intrinsic nature in virtue of which it necessarily bundles its specific bundle-ees—is also a species of Russellian monism, labeled by David Chalmers as ‘constitutive Russellian panprotopsychism’. The upshot of this connection is significant for the metaphysics of the mind-body problem: a credible theory of property instantiation turns out to have a built-in account of how consciousness is grounded in certain (broadly) physical systems.

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Tu et al. demonstrate that the unique integration of a convolutional neural network with an empirical model measured for an optical scattering system can unscramble the scattering and see through the opaque medium in an untrained fashion, featured as a deep empirical neural network.

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Information has become increasingly important in understanding the physical world around us, from ordinary computers to the underlying principles of fundamental physics, including quantum theory. How can information help discern physics? What can physics contribute to understanding information? And what about quantum information?

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Researchers found that lycopene enhances BDNF expression, a key protein involved in brain health, which appears to be suppressed in depression.

Lycopene’s Potential as an Antidepressant

Lycopene, a natural compound found in plants, may have antidepressant effects, according to emerging research. A new study published on January 22 in Food Science & Nutrition explores how lycopene influences brain function to counteract symptoms of depression.

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The work garnered impressive results. The enhanced electrolyte had an 84.3% energy retention rate after 700 charge/discharge cycles. Traditional versions typically produce a 37.1% retention rate after 300 cycles, all according to the summary.

The Pohang team is not alone in its impressive battery innovations. Plenty of them are happening in Korea. A pack that can extinguish its own fires is being developed by a team at Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, as another example.

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Netgear has fixed two critical vulnerabilities affecting multiple WiFi router models and urged customers to update their devices to the latest firmware as soon as possible.

The security flaws impact multiple WiFi 6 access points (WAX206, WAX214v2, and WAX220) and Nighthawk Pro Gaming router models (XR1000, XR1000v2, XR500).

Although the American computer networking company did not disclose more details about the two bugs, it did reveal that unauthenticated threat actors can exploit them for remote code execution (tracked internally as PSV-2023–0039) and authentication bypass (PSV-2021–0117) in low-complexity attacks that don’t require user interaction.

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In this study, we have demonstrated the crucial role of NAD+ homeostasis, particularly through the de novo synthesis pathway mediated by Qprt, in maintaining spermatogenesis with age. The deletion of Qprt led to progressive declines in NAD+ levels, particularly after 6 months of age, which were associated with significant defects in germ cell survival and mitochondrial function in spermatocytes. These disruptions manifested as impaired progression through meiosis, defective DNA double-strand break repair, and abnormal meiotic sex chromosome inactivation. Our findings also highlight the therapeutic potential of NAD+ precursor supplementation, as nicotinamide riboside effectively rescued the observed spermatogenic abnormalities in Qprt-deficient mice, emphasizing the importance of NAD+ in reproductive health and aging.

NAD+ can be synthesized through three pathways: the Preiss-Handler pathway, the salvage pathway, and the de novo pathway (Liu et al. 2018 ; Harjes 2019). In the de novo pathway, the essential amino acid tryptophan serves as a substrate, with Qprt catalyzing the formation of nicotinic acid mononucleotide, which is subsequently converted into NAD+ via a series of enzymatic reactions in the Preiss-Handler pathway. Coordinated regulation of these three pathways is crucial for maintaining intracellular NAD+ levels, which are essential for cellular function, a decline in NAD+ levels can lead to various pathological and physiological conditions (Minhas et al. 2019 ; Zhang et al. 2019a). In this study, we identified that Qprt, the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD+ de novo synthesis pathway, is predominantly expressed in spermatocytes within the testes.

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