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One of the many areas graphene promises to have transformative effects is in fortifying construction materials like concrete and asphalt. A first-of-a-kind trial now underway seeks to apply the wonder material’s impressive attributes to one of the UK’s major thoroughfares, by deploying it in a road resurfacing project along a stretch of the A1 motorway.

Made up of a single sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern, graphene offers incredible strength and flexibility, and by incorporating it into materials like asphalt scientists hope to develop road surfaces that last far longer, and therefore cost less to maintain.

Back in 2017 we looked at an interesting take on this from a pair of Italian companies that developed an asphalt material doped with a graphene additive to make it less likely to soften in the heat and crack in the cold under high loads. This product, known as Gipave, also incorporates plastic pellets and was recently rolled out along stretches of UK roads as part of trials to see how it can extend the lifespan of the surface.

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California-based startup Relativity Space is manufacturing rockets using giant Westworld-esque 3D printers, a process they say could drastically shorten the rocket-making process from years to weeks. Tim Ellis, the company’s 30-year-old CEO, explains how the high degree of automation in Relativity’s factory has enabled them to build rockets remotely during the Covid-19 pandemic.

#Coronavirus #Space #HelloWorld.
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The results provide a blueprint for finding such systems in the universe’s quieter, emptier regions.

By definition, dwarf galaxies are small and dim, with just a fraction of the stars found in the Milky Way and other galaxies. There are, however, giants among the dwarfs: Ultra-diffuse galaxies, or UDGs, are dwarf systems that contain relatively few stars but are scattered over vast regions. Because they are so diffuse, these systems are difficult to detect, though most have been found tucked within clusters of larger, brighter galaxies.

Now astronomers from MIT.

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Technically, several attempts have been made to automate text replacement in still images based on principles of deep style transfer. The research group is including this progress and their research to tackle the problem of text replacement in videos. Videotext replacement is not an easy task. It must meet the challenges faced in still images while also accounting for time and effects such as lighting changes, blur caused by camera motion or object movement.

One approach to solve video-test replacement could be to train an image-based text style transfer module on individual frames while incorporating temporal consistency constraints in the network loss. But with this approach, the network performing text style transfer will be additionally burdened with handling geometric and motion-induced effects encountered in the video.

Therefore, the research group took a very different approach. First, they extract text regions of interest (ROI) and train a Spatio-temporal transformer network (STTN) to Frontalize the ROIs so that they will be temporally consistent. Next, they scan the video and select a reference frame with high text quality which was measured in terms of text sharpness, size, and geometry.

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Severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) can progress to an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which involves alveolar infiltration by activated neutrophils. The beta-blocker metoprolol has been shown to ameliorate exacerbated inflammation in the myocardial infarction setting.

Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain Drs Clemente-Moragón and Martínez-Milla contributed equally to this work.

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With complex structures – including a strong, flexible mechanical arm carrying various tools – the splash created by a deep sea mining robot was akin to that of humans. But unlike a free-fall diver, the robot was lowered by a rope and the swing caused by wind and waves added uncertainty to its motion, according to the researchers.

Robots are perfecting their diving skills in preparation for the serious business of tapping into mineral resources in the seabed.

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Researchers describe how electrons move through two-dimensional layered graphene 0 findings that could lead to advances in the design of future quantum computing platforms.

New research published in Physical Review Letters describes how electrons move through two different configurations of bilayer graphene, the atomically-thin form of carbon. This study, the result of a collaboration between Brookhaven National Laboratory, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of New Hampshire, Stony Brook University, and Columbia University 0 provides insights that researchers could use to design more powerful and secure quantum computing platforms in the future.

“Today’s computer chips are based on our knowledge of how electrons move in semiconductors, specifically silicon,” says first and co-corresponding author Zhongwei Dai, a postdoc at Brookhaven. “But the physical properties of silicon are reaching a physical limit in terms of how small transistors can be made and how many can fit on a chip. If we can understand how electrons move at the small scale of a few nanometers in the reduced dimensions of 2-D materials, we may be able to unlock another way to utilize electrons for quantum information science.”

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Magnetic fields in space are sometimes called the last piece in the puzzle of star formation. They are much harder to measure than the masses or motions of star-forming clouds, and their strength is still uncertain. If they are strong, they can deflect or even oppose gas flowing into a young stellar core as it collapses under the influence of gravity. If they are moderate in strength, however, they act more flexibly and guide the flow, but don’t prevent it.

Early measurements of field strengths in molecular clouds were based on radiation from molecules whose energy levels are sensitive to magnetic field strengths. Those data suggested the fields were of moderate strength, but those conclusions were tentative. More recent observations with stronger signals measured the polarized radiation from dust grains aligned with the magnetic field. These observations obtain the field strength from the changes in field direction across the cloud map.

CfA.

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