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Jul 23, 2020

Optimizing neural networks on a brain-inspired computer

Posted by in category: robotics/AI

Many computational properties are maximized when the dynamics of a network are at a “critical point”, a state where systems can quickly change their overall characteristics in fundamental ways, transitioning e.g. between order and chaos or stability and instability. Therefore, the critical state is widely assumed to be optimal for any computation in recurrent neural networks, which are used in many AI applications.

Jul 23, 2020

30,000 Volunteer to Get Infected by the Coronavirus | The State of Science

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, business, science

Although the coronavirus vaccine is progressing at a breakneck pace, some people feel that it is not progressing fast enough. As such, they have volunteered in the One Day Sooner movement to get deliberately infected with the coronavirus in order to speed up vaccine development.

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Jul 23, 2020

Scientists accidentally create new species of fish, as one does

Posted by in category: existential risks

Those of you who don’t already subscribe to the scientific journal Genes might want to sign up today, so that you never miss another report on something like the rise of the Sturddlefish —a new hybrid created entirely by accident when scientists tried to save a fish from extinction.

Jul 23, 2020

Biological laboratory scientist develops new imaging method

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

The extraordinary progress that has been achieved in the biomedical sciences in the modern era can be attributed in large measure to imaging technologies that have allowed scientists to observe the structure and function of tissues and organs in the context of their natural tissue environments in greater detail than possible with the naked eye.

But that ability has been limited to a handful of traditional animal model systems, including worms, flies and mice, either by tissue characteristics that make them amenable to imaging (such as a lack of natural pigmentation), or by the fact that the techniques used for preparing microscopic specimens in these models are not broadly applicable to a diverse range animal species.

The development of a new imaging technique by Prayag Murawala, Ph.D., of the MDI Biological Laboratory and his collaborators, however, enables unprecedented insight subcellular structures, tissues, organs and even whole organisms, and—because of its wide applicability—broadens the range of animal models that can be studied, processes that can be explored and biological questions that can be addressed.

Jul 23, 2020

LIVE: Progress cargo space craft launches to International Space Station to deliver supplies

Posted by in categories: finance, space

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Jul 23, 2020

Extinct Genetic Strains of Smallpox – World’s Deadliest Virus – Discovered in the Teeth of Viking Skeletons

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics

Scientists have discovered extinct strains of smallpox in the teeth of Viking skeletons — proving for the first time that the killer disease plagued humanity for at least 1400 years.

Smallpox spread from person to person via infectious droplets, killed around a third of sufferers and left another third permanently scarred or blind. Around 300 million people died from it in the 20th century alone before it was officially eradicated in 1980 through a global vaccination effort — the first human disease to be wiped out.

Now an international team of scientists have sequenced the genomes of newly discovered strains of the virus after it was extracted from the teeth of Viking skeletons from sites across northern Europe. The findings have been published in Science today (July 23, 2020).

Jul 23, 2020

Meet the AI that can write

Posted by in categories: mobile phones, robotics/AI

A new general language machine learning model is pushing the boundaries of what AI can do.

Why it matters: OpenAI’s GPT-3 system can reasonably make sense of and write human language. It’s still a long way from genuine artificial intelligence, but it may be looked back on as the iPhone of AI, opening the door to countless commercial applications — both benign and potentially dangerous.

Driving the news: After announcing GPT-3 in a paper in May, OpenAI recently began offering a select group of people access to the system’s API to help the nonprofit explore the AI’s full capabilities.

Jul 23, 2020

Sending Sound Right Into Your Brain Might Reinvent Music

Posted by in categories: media & arts, neuroscience

The entire notion of sound—today limited by the vibration of air—may be entirely reinvented by electronic signals transmitted directly into your brain.

Jul 23, 2020

Fast food waste and lithium trash are the next big biofuel

Posted by in categories: food, sustainability

Researchers from Brazil have found a way to use leftover kitchen grease and lithium battery waste to create a reliable, eco-friendly biofuel.

Jul 23, 2020

Cells communicate

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry

Cells work around the clock to deliver, maintain, and control every aspect of life. And just as with humans, communication is a key to their success.

Every essential biological process requires some form of communication among cells, not only with their immediate neighbors but also to those significantly farther away. Current understanding is that this information exchange relies on the diffusion of signaling molecules or on cell-to-cell relays.

Publishing in the journal Developmental Cell, a research team at Kyoto University’s Graduate School of Medicine reports on a novel method of communication relying on ‘mechano-chemical’ signals to control cell movement. The research group focused on a fundamental pathway—MAPK/ERK, or ERK pathway—and were able to demonstrate how the movement of a single cell could trigger a cascading reaction resulting in the migration of a cell collective.