Researchers find large language models use a simple mechanism to retrieve stored knowledge when they respond to a user prompt. These mechanisms can be leveraged to see what the model knows about different subjects and possibly to correct false information it has stored.
Diamond is a promising material for the biomedical field, mainly due to its set of characteristics such as biocompatibility, strength, and electrical conductivity. Diamond can be synthesised in the laboratory by different methods, is available in the form of plates or films deposited on foreign substrates, and its morphology varies from microcrystalline diamond to ultrananocrystalline diamond. In this review, we summarise some of the most relevant studies regarding the adhesion of cells onto diamond surfaces, the consequent cell growth, and, in some very interesting cases, the differentiation of cells into neurons and oligodendrocytes. We discuss how different morphologies can affect cell adhesion and how surface termination can influence the surface hydrophilicity and consequent attachment of adherent proteins.
These two chips might be the key to developing sophisticated brain-computer interfacing.
Scientists from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China claim to have developed the world’s most energy-efficient artificial intelligence AI microchips that are small enough to fit inside smart devices and could open doors for innovative offline functions like voice and even mind control.
Generally, AI chips that are designed for heavy tasks often require significant power because of high computational demands, which limits their use in real-world scenarios. Professor Zhou Jun and his team managed to significantly reduce power consumption through algorithm and architectural optimization.
A team of scientists from Columbia, Nanjing University, Princeton, and the University of Munster, writing in the journal Nature, have presented the first experimental evidence of collective excitations with spin called chiral graviton modes (CGMs) in a semiconducting material.
Posted in robotics/AI
Columbia engineers build Emo, a silicon-clad robotic face that makes eye contact and uses two AI models to anticipate and replicate a person’s smile before the person actually smiles — a major advance in robots predicting human facial expressions accurately, improving interactions, and building trust between humans and robots.
Posted in cosmology
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In a groundbreaking study led by Dr. Karen Fitzgerald, six women between the ages of 45 and 65 experienced a remarkable reduction in their biological age by an average of five years in just eight weeks. The findings offer promising insights into the potential of lifestyle changes to combat aging.
The study, which focused on the distinction between chronological age and biological age, revealed that while chronological age remains fixed, biological age — the age of one’s cells — can be influenced and even reversed through targeted interventions.
Using Dr. Steven Horvath’s epigenetic clock, which measures 353 markers associated with methylation changes linked to aging, the researchers assessed the participants’ biological age before and after the intervention.
Everyone has BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, but mutations in these genes—which can be inherited—increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
The study found that the immune cells in breast tissue of healthy women carrying BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations show signs of malfunction known as exhaustion. This suggests that the immune cells can’t clear out damaged breast cells, which can eventually develop into breast cancer.
This is the first time that exhausted immune cells have been reported in non-cancerous breast tissues at such scale—normally these cells are only found in late-stage tumors. The results raise the possibility of using existing immunotherapy drugs as early intervention to prevent breast cancer developing, in carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations.
New metamaterial revolutionizes sound wave amplification discovery:
Researchers have realized a new type of metamaterial through which sound waves flow in an unprecedented fashion.
