Lifeboat Foundation

Crucially, they showed that the synapses were capable of Hebbian learning, the process by which the strength of the connection between two neurons increases or decreases based on activity. This is key to the way information is encoded into the brain, with the strengths of connections between neurons controlling the function of different brain circuits.

In biological neurons this ability to alter the strength of connections—known as plasticity—operates at two distinct timescales. Over shorter timescales, regular firing of the neuron leads to a buildup of ions that temporarily increase the ease with which signals pass across. In the long term though, regular activity can cause new receptors to grow at a synapse, resulting in more durable increases in the strength of the connection.

With the artificial synapses, short-term plasticity operates in much the same way due to a buildup of ions. But boosting the connection strength in the long term relies on using voltage pulses to essentially grow new material out of a soup of chemical precursors at the synapse, which increases its conductivity.

Researchers have just discovered a unique and novel intelligence property of hackmanite called gamma exposure memory. The mineral could be used in radiation detection applications.

Finding definitive evidence for past primitive life in ancient Mars rock and soil samples may be well-nigh impossible, renowned geologist and astrobiologist Frances Westall told me at the recent Europlanet Science Congress (EPSC) in Granada, Spain. And she should know. Westall is someone who still claims the discovery of Earth’s oldest-known microfossils, dating back some 3.45-billion-years ago.

But it’s hard enough to identify primitive microfossils in Earth’s oldest rocks, much less from robotic samples taken on Mars. Thus, if we have a hard time identifying past life on Earth, what hope do we have of doing it with Mars samples?

“I think it’s going to be really difficult,” said Westall, a researcher at France’s Center for Molecular Biophysics in Orleans. “I can tell you, there’s going to be a lot of arguments about it.”

Digitalization generated 4 percent of the total greenhouse emissions in 2020.

More than half of the digital data firms generate is collected, processed, and stored for single-use purposes. Often, it is never re-used. This could be your multiple near-identical images held on Google Photos or iCloud, a business’s outdated spreadsheets that will never be used again, or data from internet of things sensors that have no purpose.

This “dark data” is anchored to the real world by the energy it requires. Even data that is stored and never used again takes up space on servers — typically huge banks of computers in warehouses. Those computers and those warehouses all use lots of electricity.

Continue reading “What is ‘dark data’? How digital information is quietly sapping energy” »

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration revealed on Thursday one of the closest-ever looks at an ice-covered moon orbiting Jupiter. That moon, named Europa, is widely considered the most promising place to search for life beyond Earth, according to the agency.

NASA’s Juno spacecraft buzzed by Europa, Jupiter’s fourth-largest moon, on Thursday, coming within 220 miles of its surface around 5:36 a.m. ET. It is the first time the agency has glimpsed the moon that closely since its Galileo orbiter mission flew at a similar distance in 2000.

The researchers are one step closer to making the technology viable.

Physicists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) have taken a critical step forward toward achieving nuclear fusion.

The scientists traced back the collapse to the 3D disordering of strong magnetic fields.

Continue reading “Princeton scientists overcome key setback in achieving nuclear fusion” »

The universe’s first stars, known as population III, could have had masses up to 250 times greater than that of the Sun. We may now have proof of them.

Astronomers now believe they have discovered ancient chemical remnants of the universe’s first stars, according to new research published in The Astrophysical Journal.

For decades scientists have been diligently looking for direct evidence of these ‘first generation’ stars believed to have formed when the Earth was a modest 100 million years old. The discovery could improve our understanding of how matter in the universe evolved into what it is today, including us. Commons.

An analysis of over 20 million stars shed new light on our galaxy’s cannibalistic past.

A nearby mini-galaxy, the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, slowly crashed through the Milky Way and ripped stars out of their regular orbits on more than one occasion, according to a new paper in the Royal Astronomical Society.

Their analysis shed new light on the galaxy’s violent past — one in which galaxies tear into each other, shifting their structures for eons to come.

Continue reading “Our galaxy is rippling thanks to a mysterious force — we might finally know what it is” »

The joint observation is a first for Hubble and Webb, and it proves the space telescopes are allies, not rivals.