AI is not only accelerating discovery in materials science, it is benefiting from the development of new materials.
Category: robotics/AI – Page 81
Beyond words: Hidden musical grammar of natural speech revealed in study
The AI revolution, which has begun to transform our lives over the past three years, is built on a fundamental linguistic principle that lies at the base of large language models such as ChatGPT. Words in a natural language are not strung together in random patterns; rather, there is a statistical structure that allows the model to guess the next word based on what came before. Yet these models overlook a crucial dimension of human communication: content that is not conveyed by words.
In a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers from Prof. Elisha Moses’s lab at the Weizmann Institute of Science reveal that the melody of speech in spontaneous conversations in English functions as a distinct language, with a “vocabulary” of hundreds of basic melodies and even rules of syntax that can be used to predict the next melody in the sequence. The study lays the foundation for an artificial intelligence that will understand language beyond words.
The melody, or music, of speech, referred to by the linguistic term “prosody,” encompasses variations in pitch (intonation), loudness (for example, for emphasis), tempo and sound quality (such as a whisper or creaky voice). This form of expression predates words in evolution: Recent studies reveal that both chimpanzees and whales incorporate complex prosodic structures in their communication.
ChatGPT ‘uncovers’ hidden cancer, saves woman’s life after missed diagnosis
Despite testing negative for rheumatoid arthritis, doctors diagnosed her with the condition after four months of visits.
However, the 40-year-old, who owns a marketing company, soon experienced excruciating stomach pains and a dramatic 14-pound weight loss within a month, with doctors attributing it to acid reflux.
Unsatisfied and desperate for answers, Bannon turned to the AI chatbot developed by OpenAI for a potential diagnosis, which she had been using for work.
Farm robot autonomously navigates, harvests among raised beds
Strawberry fields forever will exist for the in-demand fruit, but the laborers who do the backbreaking work of harvesting them might continue to dwindle. While raised, high-bed cultivation somewhat eases the manual labor, the need for robots to help harvest strawberries, tomatoes, and other such produce is apparent.
As a first step, Osaka Metropolitan University Assistant Professor Takuya Fujinaga has developed an algorithm for robots to autonomously drive in two modes: moving to a pre-designated destination and moving alongside raised cultivation beds. The Graduate School of Engineering researcher experimented with an agricultural robot that utilizes lidar point cloud data to map the environment.
Official website for Osaka Metropolitan University. Established in 2022 through the merger of Osaka City University and Osaka Prefecture University.
Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei Wants To Open The Black Box Of AI Models By 2027
Anthropic has always stood out from OpenAI and Google for its focus on safety. They are pushing for an industry-wide effort to better understand AI models, not just increasing their capabilities.
Designing a new way to optimize complex coordinated systems
MIT LIDS researchers have developed a new way of approaching complex problems such as coordinating complicated interactive systems, using simple diagrams as a tool to reveal better approaches to software optimization in deep learning models.
Serotonin system’s hidden complexity may reshape understanding of day-to-day decision making
Our lives are filled with binary decisions—choices between one of two alternatives. But what’s really happening inside our brains when we engage in this kind of decision making?
A University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine-led study published in Nature Neuroscience sheds new light on these big questions, illuminating a general principle of neural processing in a mysterious region of the midbrain that is the very origin of our central serotonin (5-HT) system, a key part of the nervous system involved in a remarkable range of cognitive and behavioral functions.
“The current dominating model is that individual 5-HT neurons are acting independently from one another. While it had previously been suggested that 5-HT neurons may rather be connected with one another, it had not been directly demonstrated. That is what we did here. We also identify an intriguing processing role—or a computation—that is supported by this particular type of connectivity between 5-HT neurons,” says Dr. Jean-Claude Béïque, full professor in the Faculty’s Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and co-director of the uOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute’s Centre for Neural Dynamics and Artificial Intelligence.
