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Category: robotics/AI – Page 373

A “Chemical ChatGPT” for New Medications

Researchers from the University of Bonn have trained an AI process to predict potential active ingredients with special properties. Therefore, they derived a chemical language model — a kind of ChatGPT for molecules. Following a training phase, the AI was able to exactly reproduce the chemical structures of compounds with known dual-target activity that may be particularly effective medications. The study has now been published in Cell Reports Physical Science.

Anyone who wants to delight their granny with a poem on her 90th birthday doesn’t need to be a poet nowadays: A short prompt in ChatGPT is all it takes, and within a few seconds the AI spits out a long list of words that rhyme with the birthday girl’s name. It can even produce a sonnet to go with it if you like.

Researchers at the University of Bonn have implemented a similar model in their study — known as a chemical language model. This does not, however, produce rhymes. Instead, the AI displays the structural formulas of chemical compounds that may have a particularly desirable property: They are able to bind to two different target proteins. In the organism, this means, for example, they can inhibit two enzymes at once.

Texas A&M looks to the moon, Mars with $200 million space center

Texas A&M University made a giant leap toward bolstering its contributions to space exploration on Friday, when university officials marked a groundbreaking ceremony for its $200 million space center in Houston. Work will begin in January on the Texas A&M University Space Institute, which is designed to support efforts in aeronauts, robotics and space engineering.

“As space exploration expands, there will be a growing demand for highly skilled engineers, scientists, and professionals. Texas A&M is ready,” said Texas A&M University System Chancellor John Sharp in a statement. “With this new facility, A&M will create workforce development opportunities in space-related fields.”

A new system of logic could boost critical thinking and AI

The rigid structures of language we once clung to with certainty are cracking. Take gender, nationality or religion: these concepts no longer sit comfortably in the stiff linguistic boxes of the last century. Simultaneously, the rise of AI presses upon us the need to understand how words relate to meaning and reasoning.

A global group of philosophers, mathematicians and have come up with a new understanding of logic that addresses these concerns, dubbed “inferentialism”

One standard intuition of logic, dating back at least to Aristotle, is that a logical consequence ought to hold by virtue of the content of the propositions involved, not simply by virtue of being “true” or “false”. Recently, the Swedish logician Dag Prawitz observed that, perhaps surprisingly, the traditional treatment of logic entirely fails to capture this intuition.

Revolutionizing AI: The Tiny Tech Powering Brain-Like Computers

Researchers are developing atomically precise memristors for advanced neuromorphic computing systems.

The University of Kansas and University of Houston, backed by $1.8 million from the National Science Foundation’s Future of Semiconductor program (FuSe2), are collaborating to develop atomically tunable memory resistors, known as “memristors.” These advanced components are designed for brain-inspired computing applications and will support workforce development in the semiconductor industry.

Launched in 2023, the FuSe2 program addresses key challenges in semiconductor research and development, with industry partners including Micron, Intel, and Samsung.

AI tool predicts cancer gene activity from biopsy images

To determine the type and severity of a cancer, pathologists typically analyze thin slices of a tumor biopsy under a microscope. But to figure out what genomic changes are driving the tumor’s growth—information that can guide how it is treated—scientists must perform genetic sequencing of the RNA isolated from the tumor, a process that can take weeks and costs thousands of dollars.

Now, Stanford Medicine researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-powered computational program that can predict the activity of thousands of genes within based only on standard microscopy images of the biopsy.

The tool, described online in Nature Communications Nov. 14, was created using data from more than 7,000 diverse tumor samples. The team showed that it could use routinely collected biopsy images to predict genetic variations in breast cancers and to predict .

Anthropic CEO Says Human-level AI Models Might Arrive By 2026

In a podcast on Monday, Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei warned that a future with human-level AIs is not far away. In fact, it might happen as soon as 2026.

The podcast was hosted by AI influencer Lex Fridman where Amodei was invited for an interview that went on for 5 hours. A lot of interesting topics were discussed, starting from Anthropic’s upcoming project to the timeline for superintelligent models and so on.

Note: Human-level AIs basically refer to Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) which many companies like OpenAI are already working on. AGI is a new state in which an AI model will be as competent as a human in every field.

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