Lifeboat Foundation: Safeguarding Humanity
Toggle light / dark theme

Blog

Category: quantum physics – Page 86

A new approach to probe hadronization via quantum entanglement

Recent physics studies have discovered that quarks and gluons inside protons, which are subatomic positively charged particles, exhibit maximal quantum entanglement at high energies. Entanglement is a physical phenomenon that entails correlations between distant particles that cannot be explained by classical physics theories, resulting in the state of one particle influencing that of another.

Researchers at Stony Brook University and the Brookhaven National Laboratory recently set out to better understand what this recent finding could mean for hadronization, the process by which quarks and gluons form hadrons, which are particles that can be detected experimentally. Their paper, published in Physical Review Letters, introduces a new approach to probe and study hadronization by leveraging quantum entanglement.

“Our study originated from the intriguing observation that the internal structure of protons at high energies exhibits maximal quantum entanglement,” Charles Joseph Naim, corresponding author for the paper, told Phys.org.

Proving quantum computers have the edge

Quantum computers promise to outperform today’s traditional computers in many areas of science, including chemistry, physics, and cryptography, but proving they will be superior has been challenging. The most well-known problem in which quantum computers are expected to have the edge, a trait physicists call “quantum advantage,” involves factoring large numbers, a hard math problem that lies at the root of securing digital information.

In 1994, Caltech alumnus Peter Shor (BS ‘81), then at Bell Labs, developed a that would easily factor a large number in just seconds, whereas this type of problem could take a classical computer millions of years. Ultimately, when quantum computers are ready and working—a goal that researchers say may still be a decade or more away—these machines will be able to quickly factor large numbers behind cryptography schemes.

But, besides Shor’s algorithm, researchers have had a hard time coming up with problems where quantum computers will have a proven advantage. Now, reporting in a recent Nature Physics study titled “Local minima in ,” a Caltech-led team of researchers has identified a common physics problem that these futuristic machines would excel at solving. The problem has to do with simulating how materials cool down to their lowest-energy states.

World-first: Quantum computer tunes billion-parameter AI model

Chinese scientists recently made history after fine-tuning a billion-parameter artificial intelligence large model on their independently developed quantum computer named Origin Wukong.

According to a report by Global Times, this quantum computer is powered by Wukong, a 72-qubit superconducting quantum chip.

The experiment was conducted at the Anhui Quantum Computing Engineering Research Center, where this computer is operated.

Superconductivity Traverses a Single Molecule Bridge

A single molecule provides a controllable connection between a normal metal and a superconductor.

Researchers have caused a material’s superconductivity to permeate into a nearby normal metal via a single molecule [1]. They showed that this effect could be controlled and say that this control could allow the creation of so-called Majorana quasiparticles, which many research teams are exploring as future quantum bits (qubits) for quantum computers.

The spread of superconductivity into a normal metal in contact with a superconductor has been studied for decades. These experiments are typically done with thin films of the materials. However, the microscopic mechanism underpinning the effect—a normal-to-super-current conversion known as Andreev reflection—can be hard to control, and control is essential for applications of the effect.

Longstanding model fails to explain spin dynamics in 1D cuprates

Superconductivity—the ability of some materials to conduct electricity with no energy loss—holds immense promise for new technologies from lossless power grids to advanced quantum devices.

A publication in Physical Review Letters by researchers at the Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences (SIMES) at the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory sheds light on an outstanding mystery in the study of superconductivity: high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates.

Doubling down on results from a previous SLAC study, the paper provides further evidence that the Hubbard model—the leading theory for describing strong correlations between electrons in quantum materials—fails to explain in cuprates, even in simplified, one-dimensional systems.

Scientists discover method to restore vanishing electronic patterns in quantum materials

A new study published in Nature Communications April 7 could reshape the future of magnetic and electronic technology. Scientists at Rice University have discovered how a disappearing electronic pattern in a quantum material can be revived under specific thermal conditions. The finding opens new doors for customizable quantum materials and in-situ engineering, where devices are manufactured or manipulated directly at their point of use.

Led by Pengcheng Dai, the Sam and Helen Worden Professor of Physics and Astronomy, the researchers uncovered the cause behind a vanishing electronic phenomenon in a class of crystalline materials known as kagome lattice, a geometric arrangement of corner-sharing triangles named after a traditional Japanese basket pattern.

This discovery reveals how heating methods impact the presence of a charge density wave (CDW), a quantum pattern of electron arrangement, in the kagome metal iron germanide (FeGe). It also demonstrates how its reappearance enhances magnetic and electronic properties.

Controlling quantum particle states through structural phase transition of crystals

A research team has successfully fine-tuned the Rabi oscillation of polaritons, quantum composite particles, by leveraging changes in electrical properties induced by crystal structure transformation. Published in Advanced Science, this study demonstrates that the properties of quantum particles can be controlled without the need for complex external devices, which is expected to greatly enhance the feasibility of practical quantum technology. The team was led by Professor Chang-Hee Cho from the Department of Physics and Chemistry at DGIST.

Quantum technology enables much faster and more precise information processing than conventional electronic devices and is gaining attention as a key driver of future industries, including quantum computing, communications, and sensors. At the core of this technology lies the ability to accurately generate and control quantum states. In particular, recent research has been actively exploring light-based quantum devices, with polaritons at the center of this field.

Polaritons are composite quasiparticles formed through the hybridization of photons and excitons—bound states arising from the motion of electrons. These quasiparticles travel at the speed of light while retaining the ability to interact with other particles, much like electrons.

Study unveils contributions to superconductivity in the vortex lattice structure of 2H-NbSe₂

Superconductivity is a quantum property of materials entailing an electrical resistance of zero at very low temperatures. In some materials, multiple electronic bands are known to contribute to the emergence of superconductivity, leading to multiple superconducting energy gaps. This phenomenon is referred to as multiband superconductivity.

Researchers at Lund University in Sweden, Institut Laue Langevin in France and other institutes in Europe recently carried out a study aimed at better understanding the multiband superconductivity emerging in the transition metal dichalcogenide 2H-NbSe2, which exhibits a vortex lattice when exposed to a magnetic field.

Their findings, published in Physical Review Letters, unveil two key contributions to the observed in this material.

/* */