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Archive for the ‘particle physics’ category: Page 20

Aug 13, 2024

DUNE scientists observe first neutrinos with prototype detector at Fermilab

Posted by in category: particle physics

In a major step for the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, scientists have detected the first neutrinos using a DUNE prototype particle detector at the US Department of Energy’s Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.


The prototype of a novel particle detection system for the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment successfully recorded its first accelerator neutrinos.

Aug 12, 2024

The Ghostly ‘Neutrino Fog’ Is Real, and It’s Haunting the Search for Dark Matter

Posted by in categories: cosmology, particle physics

With the detection of a long-predicted “neutrino fog,” the search for particles of dark matter has entered a new age of both possibility and peril.

By Saima S. Iqbal

The decades-long search for dark matter could ultimately end in an impasse.

Aug 10, 2024

Helen Edwards Helped Create a Particle Smasher to Probe the Mysteries of Atoms

Posted by in category: particle physics

Helen Edwards was a particle physicist who led the design and construction of the Tevatron, a machine built to probe deeper into the atom than anyone had gone before.

Aug 10, 2024

A Simpler Path to Fusion: The Promise of Spherical Tokamak Technology

Posted by in categories: nuclear energy, particle physics, space

Some experts believe that the future of fusion in the U.S. may be found in compact, spherical fusion vessels. A smaller tokamak is seen as a potentially more economical solution for fusion energy. The challenge lies in fitting all necessary components into a limited space. Recent research indicates that removing one key component used to heat the plasma could create the additional space required.

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), the private company Tokamak Energy, and Kyushu University in Japan have proposed a design for a compact, spherical fusion pilot plant that heats the plasma using only microwaves. Typically, spherical tokamaks also use a massive coil of copper wire called a solenoid, located near the center of the vessel, to heat the plasma. Neutral beam injection, which involves applying beams of uncharged particles to the plasma, is often used as well. But much like a tiny kitchen is easier to design if it has fewer appliances, it would be simpler and more economical to make a compact tokamak if it has fewer heating systems.

The new approach eliminates ohmic heating, which is the same heating that happens in a toaster and is standard in tokamaks. “A compact, spherical tokamak plasma looks like a cored apple with a relatively small core, so one does not have the space for an ohmic heating coil,” said Masayuki Ono, a principal research physicist at PPPL and lead author of the paper detailing the new research. “If we don’t have to include an ohmic heating coil, we can probably design a machine that is easier and cheaper to build.”

Aug 9, 2024

Study observes that similarities between physical and biological systems might be greater than we think

Posted by in categories: biological, particle physics

A crowd or a flock of birds have different characteristics from those of atoms in a material, but when it comes to collective movement, the differences matter less than we might think. We can try to predict the behavior of humans, birds, or cells based on the same principles we use for particles.

Aug 9, 2024

Remnants of quark model in lattice QCD simulation in the Coulomb gauge

Posted by in category: particle physics

Aiming at the relation between QCD and the quark model, we consider projections of gauge configurations generated in quenched lattice QCD simulations in the Coulomb gauge on a 16 $$^{\textrm{3}}$$3 $$\mathrm \times $$ × 32, $$\mathrm \beta $$ β = 6.0 lattice. First, we focus on a fact that the static quark-antiquark potential is independent of spatial gauge fields. We explicitly confirm this by performing $$\textbf{A}$$ A = 0 projection, where spatial gauge fields are all set to zero. We also apply the $$\textbf{A}$$ A = 0 projection to light hadron masses and find that nucleon and delta baryon masses are almost degenerate, suggesting vanishing of the color-magnetic interactions.

Aug 8, 2024

Scientists May Have Found Signs of a Hidden Universe on the Ocean Floor

Posted by in categories: electronics, particle physics

Deep-sea sensors detected the most energetic neutrino ever recorded.

Aug 8, 2024

2D layer of phosphorus pentamers shows semiconductor properties on silver surface

Posted by in categories: computing, particle physics, solar power, sustainability

Phosphorus is an exciting element: It is essential for the survival of organisms and promises numerous electronic applications. With this in mind, researchers at the University of Basel have synthesized two-dimensional layers containing rings of five phosphorus atoms (phosphorus pentamers (cyclo-P5)) on a silver surface.

For the first time, they have been able to investigate their electronic properties using combined atomic force and scanning tunneling spectroscopy. They found that the atomic phosphorus pentamer layer retains its semiconductor properties and forms a special electronic interface where the layer joins the silver surface (p-type semiconductor-metal Schottky junction).

This shows that phosphorus pentamers on the silver surface fulfill a basic requirement for applications in field-effect transistors, diodes or solar cells, as recently reported by the research team in the scientific journal Nature Communications (“Probing charge redistribution at the interface of self-assembled cyclo-P5 pentamers on Ag(111)”).

Aug 8, 2024

(Ad-free video) Leonard Susskind: Strings, Quarks, Black Holes, and More

Posted by in categories: cosmology, particle physics

One of the leading theoretical physicists today talks about progress in understanding the open mysteries of the cosmos.

Aug 8, 2024

Missing Link Discovered: New Research Paves the Way for Charging Phones in Under a Minute

Posted by in categories: biological, chemistry, computing, engineering, mobile phones, particle physics, sustainability, transportation

CU Boulder scientists have found how ions move in tiny pores, potentially improving energy storage in devices like supercapacitors. Their research updates Kirchhoff’s law, with significant implications for energy storage in vehicles and power grids.

Imagine if your dead laptop or phone could be charged in a minute, or if an electric car could be fully powered in just 10 minutes. While this isn’t possible yet, new research by a team of scientists at CU Boulder could potentially make these advances a reality.

Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers in Ankur Gupta’s lab discovered how tiny charged particles, called ions, move within a complex network of minuscule pores. The breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors, said Gupta, an assistant professor of chemical and biological engineering.

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