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Archive for the ‘neuroscience’ category: Page 449

May 16, 2022

Olaf Sporns: Connectivity and Fine-Scale Dynamics of Human Brain Networks

Posted by in categories: computing, neuroscience

Networks (connectivity) and dynamics are two key pillars of network neuroscience – an emerging field dedicated to understanding structure and function of neural systems across scales, from neurons to circuits to the whole brain. In this presentation I will review current themes and future directions, including structure/function relationships, use of computational models to map information flow and communication dynamics, and a novel edge-centric approach to map functional connectivity at fine temporal scales. I will argue that network neuroscience represents a promising theoretical framework for understanding the complex structure and functioning of nervous systems.

This video is part of the SNAC seminar series organized by Mac Shine, Joe Lizier, and Ben Fulcher (The University of Sydney).

May 16, 2022

Dead eyes brought back to life

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

“This new study joins a growing body of scientific evidence that raises questions about the irreversible nature of death…”


Scientists have revived light-sensing neuron cells in organ donor eyes and restored communication between them as part of a series of discoveries that could transform research into the brain-vision system.

May 15, 2022

Gene Editing a “Factory Reset” for the Brain To Cure Anxiety and Excessive Drinking

Posted by in categories: bioengineering, biotech/medical, genetics, health, neuroscience

Gene editing reverses brain genetic reprogramming caused by adolescent binge drinking.

Gene editing may be a potential treatment for anxiety and alcohol use disorder in adults who were exposed to binge drinking in their adolescence, according to the findings of an animal study published on May 4, 2022, in the journal Science Advances.

The study was issued by researchers from the University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) who have been studying the effects of early-life binge drinking on health later in life.

May 15, 2022

Understanding Memory Recall and Storage in the Brain

Posted by in category: neuroscience

Researchers discovered new regions of the brain that work together for memory recall and storage.

May 14, 2022

An algorithm trained to detect unhappiness on social networks

Posted by in categories: information science, neuroscience, robotics/AI

Researchers have developed an algorithm that can identify the basic needs of users from the text and images they share on social networks. The experts hope this tool will help psychologists to diagnose possible mental health problems. The study suggests that Spanish-speaking users are more likely to mention relationship problems when feeling depressed than English speakers.

We spend a substantial amount of our time sharing images, videos or thoughts on social networks such as Instagram, Facebook and Twitter. Now, a group of researchers from the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) has developed an algorithm that aims to help psychologists diagnose possible mental health problems through the content people post on these platforms.

According to William Glasser’s Choice Theory, there are five that are central to all human behavior: Survival, Power, Freedom, Belonging and Fun. These needs even have an influence on the images we choose to upload to our Instagram page. “How we present ourselves on can provide useful information about behaviors, personalities, perspectives, motives and needs,” explained Mohammad Mahdi Dehshibi, who led this study within the AI for Human Well-being (AIWELL) group, which belongs to the Faculty of Computer Science, Multimedia and Telecommunications at the UOC.

May 13, 2022

Scientists just brought light-sensing cells in human eyes back to life

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

Death may be the most uncanny topic to discuss for human beings. Even thinking about it is uncomfortable for some people.

To eliminate the mystery behind it, researchers worldwide are conducting scientific studies on death and coming up with surprising results, such as when researchers captured brainwaves during an individual’s death and found semblance to high cognition activities.

And now, a team of scientists from the U.S. may have found a way to revive a glimmer of activity in human eyes after death. According to a study published yesterday (May 11, 2022) in the journal Nature, the team has managed to revive the connections between light-sensing neurons in organ donor eyes.

May 13, 2022

First physiological evidence of aphantasia found in the eye’s pupil

Posted by in category: neuroscience

Scientists have found a new method to measure people’s mental imagery abilities, offering insight into “aphantasia”, the condition of not being able to visualize images in the mind.

May 13, 2022

Death could be reversible, as scientists bring dead eyes back to life

Posted by in categories: innovation, neuroscience

Breakthrough hints other cells in central nervous system, such as the brain, could be restored.

May 13, 2022

In a world first, researchers record the brain waves of a dying patient

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

May 13, 2022

Stem cell therapy set for human trials after reversing Parkinson’s in rats

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

Stem cell therapies are showing huge promise in a lot of areas, but one application that has scientists particularly excited is in next-generation treatments for Parkinson’s disease. A team experimenting in this area has demonstrated how implanting carefully cultivated stem cells into rats can bring about remarkable recovery from motor symptoms typical of the disease, and are now setting their sights on upcoming human trials.

Parkinson’s disease is considered a prime target for innovative stem ell therapies because the condition can be traced back to the deterioration of a particular type of cell in a particular region of the brain. The neurons in the substantia nigra, a structure in the midbrain, are responsible for producing dopamine, which helps control movement, among other things.

The loss of these neurons is what contributes to motor symptoms in Parkinson’s patients, so using stem cell therapies to replace them is a very appealing idea, and one that has started to migrate from animal testing to humans. In a world-first trial undertaken in Japan in 2018, Parkinson’s patients had stem-cell-derived precursor cells implanted into their brains where they matured into the dopamine-producing neurons, with a number of subjects reported to be doing well.